Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Biochemistry
Maier AP Bio
5
Biology
12th Grade
10/09/2007

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Isotope
Definition
Any element that has more than one form is considered to have isotopes.  It is a substance with the same number of protons and electrons and varying neutrons.  Same atomic number, different atomic weight.
Term
Valence Electrons
Definition
Outermost level of electrons.  Valence electrons are responsible for chemical interactions.  Valence electrons want to complete their outer "shell" of 8 valence electrons, either by gaining or losing.
Term
Electronegativity
Definition

An element's "desire" for electrons.  The more electronegative, the more likely it is to aquire electrons from other atoms to complete its shell.

F is the most electronegative element.  The closer to F on the periodic table, the more electronegative the element.  Electronegativity is effected by size, shielding, etc. 

Term
Bonding:  Polar Covalent, Ionic, Nonpolar Covalent
Definition

Polar Covalent:  A polar molecule is situated so that it has either a partial positive or partial negative side.  Water is an example of a polar molecule as the hydrogen end is partially positive and the oxygen end is partially positive.

Ionic:  Bonding between [usually] a metal and a non-metal.  Non-metals are much more electronegative and therefor rip electrons off of their counterparts, giving both atoms a full charge and bringing them together.

 

Nonpolar Covalent:  Interaction between two non-metals [usually].  Elements "share" electrons in compounds so both shells may be completed.  However, if they are nonpolar, they are situated in such a way that here is no partial negative or partial positive area in the compound. 

Polar and Nonpolar compounds do not like to interact with one another. 

Term
Hydrogen Bonds
Definition
Intercellular interaction between polar molecules (ex: water).  The partial positive hydrogen charge is attracted to both fully negative and partially negative compounds/elements and alters the interactions between the molecules.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!