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biochem translation
sands transalation 1
32
Biology
Undergraduate 4
01/26/2010

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Cards

Term
what are the subunits and their size for prok
Definition

5s large

16s small

23s large

Term
euk rna subunits
Definition

5s Large

5.8s large

18s small

28s large

Term
70s
Definition

Prokaryotic

composed of 50s (23s and 5s + proteins)

and 30s (16s + proteins)

Term
80S
Definition

Eukaryotic

Composed of 60s (28s+5.8S+proteins) large subinits

and a 40S (18s) Small

Term
50s
Definition

23s + 5s and proteins

prokarytoic

Term
30s
Definition

16s and proteins

prokaryotic

Term
60s
Definition

28s+ 5+ 5.8 and proteins all large

eukaryotic

Term
40S
Definition
18s and proteins small
Term
A-amantin
Definition

most effective against RNA pol II

transcribes mRNA and snRNA

Term
Func of RNA pol I
Definition
transcribe the 18, 5.8, and 28s subunits of rRNA
Term
func: of RNA POL II
Definition

transcribe mRNA, and snRNA
sensitive to a amanitin

 

Term
func: RNA pol III
Definition

rRNA 5s

snRNA

tRNA

structural RNA <400bp

Term
Rifampicin
Definition

1 binds B subinit of which inhibits RNA pol

2 it is liophilic and can cross the BB.

3 used to treat meninigitis, tuberculosis, leprosy and MRSA

4 activates cytochrom p 450 in liver --> inc secretion and clearnace from body which hinders effectiveness of other drugs

5 poisonous to liver, increases its functioning

Term
Ricin
Definition

castor oil poison

removes single base adenine from 28s rRNA

this inactivates ribosomes large subunit (60S)

adenine = crucial for interxn with ef1 and 2

inactivation of ribosome leads to cell death

Term
descrive how rRNA is tx from DNA
Definition

from acrocentric chromosome 13,14,15,21,22

as one large transcript which is cut up by RNASE

Term
tRNA
Definition

have unusual intrachain base pairing

and unusual bases.

only rna to have thymine

3' end has the aa attached to adenosine

Term
MIDD
Definition

Maternally Inherited diabetes and Deafness

tRNA mutatuion for leucin

3423 mutation

a-->G  for lysine

t--> fir leucine

mitochondrial np 3243 mutation of the tRNA Leu

Term
MELAS
Definition

mitochondrial encephelpathy Lactic acidosis

Trp-->Leu mutation

Stroke like episodes

cortical blindnes, focal seizure, encephalopathy, diabetes

Term
mutation in tRNA leu in mitochondria
Definition

causes complex 1 deficiency

g mutation

affects atp production

complex has high [leu] residues

Term
LAC operon characteristics
Definition

Z gene- cleaves lactose into galac and gluc

y= permease

a= transacetylase

operator binds repressor, it induces it

repressor binds at the promoter

Term
characterisitics of bacterial operon
Definition

conatins 2 genes. 1 promoter. 2 ribosomal binding sites.

2 aug starts. 2 AAu stops

Term
Shine Delgarno
Definition

5' region of prok mRNA.  binds to PUrine rich

16s ribosomal (Small)

Term
Prok Initiaition
Definition
RNA POL halo enzyme binds up stream of initiation site. known as pribnow or TATA box 8-10 nucleotide upstream of AUG. another consesus seq TTGACA is at -35. the closer these seqs are to given seq, the more likely gene is txed.
Term
Sigma factor
Definition
helps RNA pol bind promoter region (-10 TATA box) tightly. aka intiation factor. incr affinity for promoter. has  affinity for -35 seq
Term
structure of Prok RNA pol
Definition

2 alpha subunit= binds -35

b= polymerizing sub unit. makes phospodiester bonds

b' binds dna template

sigma= -10 region

a2bb'= core

core + sigma = haloenzyme

Term
Rho indep terminiaton= type 1
Definition

Prokarytoes. poly AU stretch= region where polymerase binds weakly. has its own atp. It gollow the gc rich hairpin loop. destablizes dna rna hybrid

 

Term
RHO dep
Definition
lack of poly u stretch on so poly reqs rho facotr
Term
Euk tx
Definition

done by rna polII

reqs- 25-30 TATA

-70 CAT box

Term
Enhancer for Silencer on DNA
Definition

in EUK

enhancer is upstream of start site. make pol move faster

Silencer is not orienation nor position speific.

Term
pre-mRNA processing steps
Definition

1. addition of 5' cap

2. splicing out of introns

3. addition of poly a tail

Term
region of RNA POL involved in mRNA mods
Definition
always ctd. proteins attach here and like cap, splice, or polyadenylate.
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