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Bio
Cnidaria, Porifera
64
Biology
Undergraduate 1
03/15/2013

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Term
Parazoa is what kind of taxonomic category?
Definition
Subkingdom
Term
Does parazoa have true tissues?
Definition
No.
Term
What kind of symmetry does parazoa have?
Definition
None.
Term
Porifera is what kind of taxonomic category?
Definition
Phylum
Term
In what sub-kingdom for porifera belong?
Definition
Parazoa
Term
Porifera are known as the "evolutionary _____________."
Definition
Dead end.
Term
Sessile
Definition
Stay in place
Term
How do organisms of phylum porifera move?
Definition
Trick question -- they are sessile.
Term
How may porifera be characterized by their habitat?
Definition
Marine.
Term
What kind of water does porifera live in?
Definition
Both freshwater and saltwater.
Term
True or false: porifera have all the different kinds of tissue.
Definition
False: they lack nerve and muscle tissue.
Term
The lack of nerve and muscle tissue in porifera implies what?
Definition
That they must have a different way of interacting with the environment.
Term
How does porifera react with the environment?
Definition
Closing pores and osculum
Term
What are the organisms that make of phylum porifera commonly known as?
Definition
Sponges
Term
How are porifera known by how they get their food?
Definition
Suspension of filter feeders
Term
What important structures do filter feeders contain?
Definition
Choanocytes and Ameobocytes
Term
Choanaocytes
Definition
Cells that help move water with their flagella.
Term
What are the bodies of porifera like?
Definition
Two layers separated by gelatinous region.
Term
The functions of Ameobocytes are...
Definition
- Collect food, secrete gelatinous matrix and collect waste.
- Produce spicules
Term
Spicules
Definition
Skeletal fibers
Term
Spicules are made of:
Definition
Ca, Si and protein
Term
What are the structures involved in the sexual production of porifera?
Definition
Ameobocytes and Choanocytes
Term
What happens initially in the sexual production of porifera?
Definition
Ameobocytes and Choanocytes differentiate into sperm and egg.
Term
What is produced as a result of the sexual production of porifera?
Definition
Flagellated larvae disperse from parent.
Term
What do flagellated larvae of porifera grow into?
Definition
Sessile adults.
Term
How may porifera be characterized by their sexual organs?
Definition
Hermaphrodites
Term
Eumetazoa is what kind of taxonomic category?
Definition
Subkingdom
Term
Does subkingdom eumetazoa have true tissues?
Definition
Yes.
Term
Does subkingdom eumetazoa have body symmetry?
Definition
Yes.
Term
What are example of phylum cnidaria?
Definition
Hydra, jellyfish, corals and sea anemones.
Term
What kind of symmetry does phylum cnidaria have?
Definition
Radial
Term
How may cnidaria be characterized in terms of germ layers?
Definition
diploblastic
Term
How many tissue layers does cnidaria have?
Definition
Two
Term
What are the two tissue layers of cnidaria?
Definition
Outer epidermis and inner gastrodermis
Term
What is between the two layers of cnidaria?
Definition
A gelatinous layer
Term
What is the gelatinous layer between the two layers of cnidaria called?
Definition
Mesoglea
Term
What features of phylum cnidaria have to interact with the environment?
Definition
Contractile tissue and nerve net.
Term
What makes the cnidarian nerve net different from other nervous systems?
Definition
It is non-centralized.
Term
How many primary forms do cnidarians have?
Definition
Two
Term
What are the primary forms of cnidarians?
Definition
Polyp and Medusae
Term
What are the characteristics of the polyp form of cnidarians?
Definition
Most sessile, cylindrical body, attach to substrate.
Term
What are the characteristics of the medusa form of cnidarians?
Definition
Free moving, jellyfish-like, umbrella shape.
Term
What do cnidarians use for circulation and digestion
Definition
Gastrovascular cavity
Term
What does the gastrovascular cavity do?
Definition
Digestion and circulation.
Term
How does the gastrovascular cavity in cnidarians perform circulation?
Definition
Circulates fluids to service cells.
Term
The gastrovascular cavity of cnidarians acts as what?
Definition
A hydrostatic skeleton.
Term
How does the gastrovascular cavity of cnidarians act as a hydrostatic skeleton?
Definition
Its closed volume gives something for the muscles to work against for movement and support.
Term
Does the gastrovascular cavity of cnidarians include nerves and muscles?
Definition
Yes.
Term
Hoe many openings does the gastrovascular cavity of cnidaria have?
Definition
One.
Term
What is the opening of the gastrovascular of the cnidaria?
Definition
The mouth.
Term
What passes through the mouth of the gastrovascular cavity of the cnidaria?
Definition
Food and waste
Term
Cnidocytes
Definition
Stinging cells for defense/prey.
Term
What do cnidaria have for defense and attacking prey?
Definition
Cnidocytes
Term
Cnidocytes fire what?
Definition
Nematocyst
Term
Nematocyst
Definition
stinging structure
Term
What are the four classes of cnidarians?
Definition
Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa and Anthozoa
Term
Which form in dominant in class hydrozoa?
Definition
Polyp
Term
Which form is dominant in class scyphozoa?
Definition
Medusa
Term
Which form is dominant in class cubozoa?
Definition
Medusa
Term
Which class is dominant in class Anthozoa?
Definition
Trick question - there is only the polyp form.
Term
How can cnidaria reproduce?
Definition
Both sexually and asexually.
Term
What is an example of a cnidarian reproducing asexually?
Definition
Colony of Hydrozoans formed by budding.
Term
Which form is the sexually reproducing form of cnidaria?
Definition
Medusa
Term
Which form is the asexually reproducing form of cnidaria?
Definition
Polyp
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