Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Bio Held
1402
25
Biology
Undergraduate 1
03/12/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Karyotype
Definition
An ordered display of magnified images of an individuals chromosomes arranged in pairs.
Term
Klinefelter Syndrome
Definition
having an extra x chromosome.
Term
Turner Syndrome
Definition
Females that lack an x chromosome. XO
Term
Generations

P
F1
F2
Definition
P - Parental
F1 - Filial
F2 - When F2 self fertilize
Term
Pyrimidines
Definition
Single Ring Structures
Term
Purines
Definition
Double Ring Structures
Term
Double Helix
Definition
The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape
Term
Transcription
Definition
The Transfer of Genetic Information from DNA into an RNA molecule
Term
Translation
Definition
The Transfer of the information in the RNA into a protein
Term
Triplet Code
Definition
A set of three nucleotide long words that specify the amino acids for polypeptide chains
Term
Codons
Definition
A 3 nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or polypeptide termination signal. The Basic Unit of the genetic code
Term
AntiCodon
Definition
On a tRNA molecule, a specific sequence of three nucleotides that is complementary to a codon triplet on mRNA
Term
DNA Polymerase
Definition
An enzyme that assembles DNA nucleotides into polynucleotides using a preexisting strand of DNA as a template
Term
RNA Polymerase
Definition
A biotechnology technique used to silence the expression of specific genes.
Term
Promoter
Definition
A Specific nucleotide sequence in DNA located at the start of a gene that is the binding site for RNa polymerase and the place where transcription begins.
Term
Terminator
Definition
A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNa polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule and then to depart from the gene.
Term
mRNA
Definition
the Type of ribonucleic acid that encodes genetic information from dNA and conveys it to ribosomes, where the information is translated into amino acids sequences.
Term
rRNA
Definition
The type of ribonucleic acid that, together with proteins, makes up ribosomes; the most abundant type of RNA in most cells.
Term
tRNA
Definition
A type of ribonucleic acid that functions as an interpreter in translation. EAch tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon, picks up a specific amino acid, and conveys the amino acid to the appropriate codon on mRNA
Term
Mutation
Definition
a change in the nucleotide squence of an organisms DNA
Term
Mutagen
Definition
a chemical or physical agent that interacts with DNA and causes a mutation
Term
Gene Expression
Definition
The process whereby genetic information flows from genes to proteins; the flow of genetic information from the genotype to the phenotype
Term
Cellular Respiration
Definition
The aerobic harvesting of energy from food molecules; the breakdown of organic molecules for the production of ATP
Term
Operon
Definition
a unit of genetic regulation common in prokaryotes;
Term
Operator
Definition
a sequence of nucleotides near the start of an operon to which an active repressor can attach
Supporting users have an ad free experience!