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bio final
finals
115
Biology
9th Grade
05/23/2012

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Cards

Term
Homeostasis means to do what?
Definition
To stay the same
Term
What is the meaning of biology?
Definition
The study of life
Term
What does DNA determine?
Definition
Traits
Term
What is metabolism?
Definition
sum of all chemical reactions
Term
The change in the inherited traitsof species over the course of many generations is what?
Definition
evolution
Term
A group in an expiriemnt that reciever no experimental treatment is what?
Definition
Control group
Term
A set of hyptheses that have been tested and confirmed many times by many scientist is what?
Definition
A theory
Term
The simplest unit capable of all functions is called what?
Definition
cell
Term
sets of inherited instrustions for making prtoiens are called what?
Definition
genes
Term
Anything that occupies space and has mass is called what?
Definition
Matter
Term
The smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means is called what?
Definition
Atom
Term
Protons have what type of charge?
Definition
psitive
Term
the atomic number on the periotic table tell us what about the element?
Definition
The number of protons and elctrons
Term
What type of bond do you have when two or more atoms are sharing elctrons to form a molecule?
Definition
Covalent bonds
Term
THis is the starting substance of a chemical reaction; located on the left side of the arrow?
Definition
reactant
Term
A mixture in which one or more substances are evenly distributed in another substance is what?
Definition
solution
Term
The most abundant protien in your body is what?
Definition
collagen
Term
What do we use to measure concentration of hydrogen ions in solution?
Definition
PH scale
Term
Your body is made up of how much water?
Definition
70%
Term
These are special protiens that help speed up chemical reactions?
Definition
Enzymes
Term
What is considered to be neutral on the PH scale?
Definition
7
Term
This encloses the cell and seperates the cell interior?
Definition
Cell membrane
Term
A cellular structure on which protiens are made is called what?
Definition
Ribosomes
Term
The cell membrane Phosphlipids are arranged in a double layer called what?
Definition
Lipid bilayer
Term
ribosomes are partially assembled in what region of the cell
Definition
Nucleolus
Term
this harvests energy from organic compounds to make atp,the main erergy currency of cells
Definition
Mitochondria
Term
this organelle uses light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water
Definition
Chloroplasts
Term
the passing of traits from parents to offspring is called what
Definition
Heredity
Term
who studied heredity by caring out experiments with pea plants
Definition
Gregor Mendal
Term
a trait that is being expressed is said to be what type of trait
Definition
Dominant
Term
if the alleles of a particular gene present in an individual are different they are called what
Definition
Heterosygous
Term
the difference versions of a gene are called what
Definition
Alleles
Term
a diagram that predicts the expected outcome of a genetic cross by considering all possible combinations of gameetes in the cross is called what
Definition
Punnett square
Term
a chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex (gender) of a person is called what
Definition
Autosome
Term
what is the total number of chromosomes a human has
Definition
46
Term
who determines the sex of a new offspring
Definition
Dad
Term
when a cell contains two sets of chromosomes it is said to be what
Definition
Diploid
Term
which are the sex chromosomes for a male
Definition
XY (upper case)
Term
an organism's reproductive cells are called what
Definition
Gametes
Term
how many sex chromosomes do humans have
Definition
2
Term
a fertilized egg cell, the first cell of a new indiidual is called what
Definition
zygote
Term
what type of cell is a bacteria cell
Definition
prokaryotes
Term
an anaerobic process is carried out how
Definition
without oxygen
Term
bacteria that is "ALL" around us that we refer to as "GERMS" is called what
Definition
eubacteria
Term
what are the most ancient types of bacteria that live in extreme environments
Definition
archaebacteria
Term
the process we use to identify and classify bacteria is called what
Definition
gram-staining
Term
what is the most lethal virus in human history
Definition
influenza virus
Term
after entering the peripheral nervous system the rabies virus travels towards what system
Definition
the central nervous system
Term
a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail is called what
Definition
AIDS
Term
what are toxins
Definition
poisonous chemical compounds
Term
any agent that causes disease is called what
Definition
pathogens
Term
an antibiotic that can affect a wide variety of organisms is called what
Definition
brand-spectrum
Term
what is the common name for mononucleosis
Definition
the kissing disease
Term
what type of bacterica can you find in canned food that is not canned property
Definition
clostridium botulinum
Term
organisms that can not make their own food are called what
Definition
heterotrophic
Term
what is the major function of pili
Definition
attachment
Term
a group of cells that join together to form a close association is called what
Definition
a colony
Term
a type of pigment found in chloroplasts that imparts a color is called what
Definition
carotenoids
Term
this is caused by toxins and red pigments given off by some types of flagellated protests
Definition
red tide
Term
the accumulation of diatom shells after they die is called what
Definition
diatomaceous earth
Term
tightly packed of rows of short flagella used for movement are called what
Definition
cilia
Term
this helps rid cells of excess water
Definition
contractile vacuole
Term
these are funguslike protests typically found growing on damp soil,rotting logs or other decomposing organic matter
Definition
slime molds
Term
what is the most deadly disease in humans caused by protests
Definition
malaria
Term
how do we get malaria
Definition
mosquitoes
Term
these are unicellular algae that consist of two unequal halves;one fits neatly inside the other,forming a small box
Definition
diatoms
Term
the cell walls of fungi are made of what
Definition
chitin
Term
filaments that make up the body of fungi are called what
Definition
hyphae
Term
fungi store energy as what
Definition
glycogen
Term
we use this for baking, brewing and wine-making.
Definition
yeasts
Term
what is one well known antibiotic that is made from fungi.
Definition
penicilin
Term
we use fungi to provide flavor and aroma in which type of food.
Definition
cheeses
Term
what is parasites?
Definition
Absorb nutrients from living host
Term
this is a process where we can use fungi to help clean up the enviornment.
Definition
bioremediation
Term
what do candida albicans cause?
Definition
yeast infections
Term
a relationship in which both parites benefit is called what?
Definition
symbiotic
Term
a botanist is a person who studies what?
Definition
plants
Term
a tiny like pore that peermits exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide is called what?
Definition
stomata
Term
ferns are the most abundant group of what types of plants?
Definition
seedless vascular
Term
nonvasular plants require what for sexual reproduction?
Definition
water
Term
the leaves of a fern is called what?
Definition
fronds
Term
a waxy layer that covers the non woody aboveground parts of a plant called what?
Definition
cuticle
Term
a supply of stored food the seed of angiosperm have is called what?
Definition
endosperm
Term
flowering plants that that produce seeds with one seed leaf are called what?
Definition
monocots
Term
what did the first terrestial plants evelve from?
Definition
green alga
Term
what does disperal mean?
Definition
to spread
Term
seed plants that produce flowers are called what?
Definition
angiosperms
Term
the outer most whorls of floral parts, which are leaflike and usually green are called what?
Definition
sepals
Term
what part of the flower contain the pollen sac?
Definition
anther
Term
structure that contain the embryo of a plant is called what
Definition
seed
Term
part of a flower that receives pollen grains is called what
Definition
stigma
Term
what gymnosperms have leaves that are either needle-like or reduced to tiny scales
Definition
conifers
Term
the column of tissues between the stigma and the ovary through which the pollen tubes grow are called what
Definition
style
Term
angiosperms that have two seed leaves and flowers in multiples of two,four,and five are called what
Definition
dieot
Term
what are hermaphrodites
Definition
produce both egg plus sperm
Term
where is the sinus venosus located in the amphibian heart
Definition
dorsal side
Term
what does cutaneous respiration refer to
Definition
skin breathing
Term
animals that cannot make their own food are called what
Definition
heterotrophs
Term
the inner layer of cells located withiin a blastula is called what
Definition
endoderm
Term
when there are distinct right and left halves;mirror image halves. what type of symmetry do you have
Definition
bilateral symmetry
Term
the term ventral meams what
Definition
bottom
Term
what type of skeleton does a earthworm have
Definition
hydrostatic skeleton
Term
when an egg is fertilized outside the female's body is called what
Definition
external
Term
a type of circulatory system where the heart pumps fluid containing O2&nutrients through a series of vessels out the boby cavity is called what
Definition
open circulatory system
Term
when the zygote undergoes cell divisions that form a hollow ball,this hallow ball is called what
Definition
blastula
Term
what type of skeleton do humans have
Definition
endo skeleton
Term
a process by which populations change in responce to their environment is called what
Definition
natural selection
Term
what produces the female gametes
Definition
ovaries
Term
when a new individual develops from an unfertilized egg,this process is called what
Definition
parthenogenesis
Term
the term anterior means what
Definition
front
Term
in a few days after fertilization frog eggs hatch into what
Definition
tadpoles
Term
tadpoles go through drastic changes called what
Definition
metamorphosis
Term
what makes up the largest group of amphibians
Definition
frogs and toads
Term
what function does the septum have in the amphibian heart
Definition
separates right and left atrium
Term
during reproduction in frogs,the females release their eggs where
Definition
in water
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