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Bio Final
exam
78
Biology
Undergraduate 1
12/13/2010

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Cards

Term
what gives a element its atomic number
Definition
Protron
Term
what bond is stronger Covalent or Ionic
Definition
Covalent
Term
which of the three domains have a nuclues
Definition
Eukarotes
Term
put in the correct order: cells, , organs systems, organ, tissues,organism
Definition
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
Term
ionic bonds dissolve in a solution? true or false
Definition
true
Term
Polar Molecules are Hydrophilic. True or Flase
Definition
True
Term
the ability of an individual to produce viable offspring relative to others of the same species
Definition
Fitness
Term
any heritable trait that increases the fitness of an indivual with that trait, compared to individuals without that trait
Definition
Adaptation
Term
simple chemical compunds combined to form more complex carbon containing substences
Definition
chemical evolution
Term
atomic mass
Definition
Protrons + Nuetrons
Term
weak interaction between two molecules or diffrent parts of the same molecules
Definition
hydrogen bonds
Term
what is a positivly charged ion called
Definition
cation
Term
what is a negativly charge ion called
Definition
anion
Term
homogenous mixture of one or more substances dissolved in a liquid
Definition
solution
Term
in a solution what do u call the component that is dissolving
Definition
solute
Term
in a solution what component is doing the dissolving
Definition
solvent
Term
what is denser water in its solid state or its liquid
Definition
liquid
Term
chemical reaction that releases heat
Definition
exothermic
Term
when heat is absorbed in the process
Definition
endothermic
Term
the chemical energy in a candy bar is an example of
Definition
potential energy
Term
energy of motion is
Definition
kinetic energy
Term
the amount of disorder of any substance
Definition
entropy
Term
a plasma membrane has a __________ bilayer
Definition
phospholipid bilayer
Term
outside solution contains more solute than inside of call, cell shrinks
Definition
hypertonic
Term
more solutes within the cell than the outside, cell swells and burts
Definition
hypotonic
Term
even amount of solutes inside of a cell and outside of the cell
Definition
isotonic
Term
when water moves from an area of high water concentration to regions of low water concentration
Definition
osmosis
Term
movement of molecules and ions that result from their kinetic energy, tend to move from areas of high concentration to low concentration
Definition
diffusion
Term
what results in 2 identical daughter cells
Definition
mitosis
Term
what results in 4 non-identical daughter cells
Definition
meiosis
Term
section of DNA that encodes info for building one or more related polypeptides
Definition
gene
Term
diffrent versions of the same gene are called
Definition
allele
Term
allele that determines pheotype of a hetrozygous individual
Definition
dominant trait
Term
all alleles of every gene present in an individual (genetic charateristic
Definition
genotype
Term
Physical charateristic of alleles
Definition
phenotype
Term
translating DNA to RNA
Definition
transcription
Term
mRNA translated to protiens, in ribosomes, process of using info in nucleic acids to synthesize protiens
Definition
translation
Term
what is used to amplify DNA and look for specific genes encoded in DNA
Definition
PCR
Term
technique used for seperating molecules
Definition
gel electrophoresis
Term
mutation that results in a single nucleotide par in a DNA molecule
Definition
point mutation
Term
type of mutation that doesnt detectably affect phenotype of an organism
Definition
silent mutation
Term
type of mutation that causes change in amino acid sequence
Definition
missence mutation
Term
a mutation that creates a stop codon
Definition
nonsense mutation
Term
mouth develops first before anus and blocks of mesoderm hollow out to form the coelum
Definition
protosomes
Term
anus develops before the mouth and pockets of mesoderm pinch off to form the coelom
Definition
deutersomes
Term
what type of feeding takes in large pockets of food
Definition
ingestive feeders
Term
what type of feeder takes nutrients in directly form the enviroment
Definition
absorptive feeder
Term
what feeder ingests organic materials that have been deposited within substance on surface
Definition
deposit feeders
Term
what feeder sucks up or mops up liquids like nectar or blood
Definition
fluid feeders
Term
what type of feeder takes chunks of food into their mouths
Definition
mass feeders
Term
rudimentary structure of unknown or minimal function that is homologous to functioning structures in other species
Definition
vestigial structure
Term
what part of the brain controls smell
Definition
forebrain
Term
what part of the brain controls vision
Definition
midbrain
Term
part of the brain that controls balance and hearing
Definition
hindbrain
Term
dinosaurs are most closely related to
Definition
birds
Term
"before-monkeys" relativley small, reside in trees
Definition
prosimians
Term
"human-like" larger, new world monkeys, old world monkeys
Definition
anthropoids
Term
changing one feature for the best may change another for the worse this is an example of
Definition
fitness trade-offs
Term
phenotypical changes are considered ________ not adaptation
Definition
acclimations
Term
what type of tissue consists of nerve cells, and transmit electrical signal
Definition
nervous
Term
what type of tissue provides protection, and forms layers of close packed cell
Definition
epithelial
Term
what tissue type loosely arranged cells, and each has own extracellular matrix around cell
Definition
connective
Term
what type of tissue functions primarily in movement, may have 1 or more nuclei
Definition
muscle
Term
what are the 4 types of tissue
Definition
nervous, epithelial, connective, and muscle
Term
3 types of adaptations to increase surface ara
Definition
flattening, folding, branching
Term
importance of amniotic egg
Definition
allowed aquatic creatures to lay eggs on land
Term
tube within a tube concept
Definition
ectoderm is the outer tube while the gut is the inner tube
Term
four types of heat loss
Definition
radiation,conduction, convection, evaporation
Term
types of heat
Definition
radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation
Term
types of muclle tissue
Definition
skeletol, smooth, cardiac
Term
give tissue ability to recoil
Definition
elastic
Term
thin and branched forms a tight weave that joins connective tissue with ajacent tissue bindings
Definition
recticular
Term
4 charateristics that all chordates have
Definition
noto chord, nerve chord, pharengeal slits, post anul tail
Term
nerve chord develops into what
Definition
spinal chord
Term
in an open circulatory system instead of blood there is
Definition
hemolymph
Term
the pumping of blood through veins is an example of
Definition
closed circulatory system
Term
systolic vs diotolic pressure
Definition
systolic is when the heart is pumpin and creating pressure
Term
what has more oxygen salt or fresh water
Definition
fresh water
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