Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Bio Bases-Emotion
PS235-Butler University
25
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/30/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Volitional Facial Paresis
Definition

Damage to the primary motor cortex

Inability to voluntarily show emotion on contralateral side

Term
Emotional Facial Paresis
Definition

Damage to the substantia nigra and/or basal ganglia (Parkinson's Desease)

Inability to show spontaneous emotion

Term

Universal (Primary) Emotions

 

Definition
Happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, surprise, contempt, embarassment
Term
James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Definition

The sequence of events of events is responsible for an emotional experience.

Physiological reponses are followed by conscious awareness and labeling.

 

We feel sorry because we cry, angry because we strike, afraid because we tremble

Term
Support for the James-Lange Theory
Definition
Spinal cord injury patients have weaker physiological reactions (upper cervical injuries) report "feeling" less emotion.
Term
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
Definition

Both physiological and cognitive responses occur simultaneously and independently.

Subcortical simultaneously send signals to the cortex and the hypothalamus.

 

Explains "swaying bridge results"

Term
The Schachter Theory of Emotion
Definition
General arousal leads to cognitive assesment of the context.
Term
Right Hemisphere Has Greater Control of the __________ Division of the ANS
Definition

Sympathetic

 

Fight or Flight

Term
Left Hemisphere Has Greater Control of the ____________ Division of the ANS
Definition

Parasympathetic

 

Resting Activities: Digestion of food, repair of body tissues

Term
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
Definition
Results from damage to frontal lobes.  Symptoms include tameness, extreme sexual behavior, and oral exploration.  Damage to Limbic System.
Term
Amygdala
Definition

Lesion studies point to this structure being involved in fear and aggression

  • Part of the limbic sytem
  • coordinateas and intergrates the behavioral and physiological components of emotion
  • also coordinates the effect of emotion on memory
Term
Lateral and Basolateral Nuclei of the Amygdala
Definition
recieve sensory input and project it to the central nucleus
Term
Central Nucleus of the Amygdala
Definition
  • Mediates the experience of fear and agitation
  • Projects to hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, and medulla which contribute to autonomic hormonal response of emotion
  • Controls conditioned emotional responses
Term
Evidence for James Lange #2
Definition
While stimulation of the hypothalamus in humans causes an autonomic response, the affective component of fear is only felt when the amygdala is also stimulated.
Term

Supporting Evidence of the Importance of Amygdala Nuclei in Emotion

(chemicals)

Definition
  • Basolateral nucleus= benzodiazephine receptors (GABA agonists) that decrease anxiety
  • Central Nucleus= opiate receptors- agonists decrease pain and inhibit species specific fight or flight
Term

Supporting Evidence of the Importance of Amygdala Nuclei in Emotion

(damage)

Definition
  • Damage to either basolateral or central nucleus results in decreased emotional behaviors and physiological responses to emotional stimuli (Kluver-Bucy)
  • Damage to either nucleus also decreases the impact of emotion on memory (decreased flashbulb memory)
Term
Orbitofronatal Cortex
Definition
Large role in the affective component of emotion and the ability of emotion to impact behavior; responsible for percieving the meaning of social situations and translationg knowledge about social situations and consequences of behaviors into appropriate actions and feelings.
Term

Orbitofrontal Cortex

(Tasks and Damage)

Definition
  • Recieves and coordinates input from amygdala, dorsomedial thalamus, temporal cortex, ventral tegmental area, and olfactory system
  • Projects back to amygdala, temporal cortex, lateral hypothalamus, cingulate cortex, hippocampis, and other parts of the frontal lobe.
  • Damage to orbitofrontal cortex results in disinhibition, childishness, lack of responsibility, poor social judgement, lack of emotional response to pain, inability to use anticipated consequences to control behavior, inability to empathize with others
Term

Frontal Lobe Lobotomy

(Damage)

Definition
Disconnects frontal lobes from either thalamus and hypothalamus (ventral approach) or from the cingulate gyrus (dorsal approach).
Term

Frontal Lobe Lobotomy

(results)

Definition
  • Marked decrease in anxiety, obsessions, and compulsions
  • Significant personality changes similar to those seen in the context of orbitofronal brain damage
  • No longer performed (30s-50s)
Term

Tone of Voice

 

Which hemisphere plays a larger role?

Definition
Right Hemisphere plays a larger role than the left on the oral expression of emotion through tone of vioce in speech
Term

Facial Expressions

 

Which Hemisphere Plays a Larger Role?

Definition
The Right Hemisphere plays a larger role in expression of emotions = Left side of the face more expressive, and shows emotion slightly earlier
Term

Tone of Voice

 

Which Ear Shows Advantage?

Definition
Left ear shows advantage for recognizing emotional tone
Term

Tone of Voice

 

Preference of Ear - Support

Definition
  • PET studies show bilateral frontal lobe activation (L>R) when interpreting the emotional content dipicted just by words or known situations and only right frontal lobe activation when interpreting tone of voice
  • Leison studied- pts with left temporo-parietal damage have difficulty understanding the meaning of spoken words but no difficulty judging emotion from tone of voice; right temporoparietal damage patients show opposite pattern

 

Term

Recognizing Facial Expressions

 

Which Hemisphere is better at recognizing emotion?

Definition
  • Left visual field advantage for recognizing facial expressions.  Amygdala may play a rold in recognizing facial expressions of emotion, particularly fear
  • Basal ganglia and gustatory center in anterior insular cortex may mediate recognition of disgust
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