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BIO 230 Microbiology I
Introduction to Microbiology
27
Biology
Undergraduate 2
07/15/2009

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Term
Microbiology
Definition
Study of microscopic organisms.
Term

Very small

 

Most are Unicellular

 

Very simple structure

Definition
3 General characteristics of microorganisms.
Term
micrometer
Definition

10-6m

 

Term
nanometer
Definition
10-9m
Term
They are considered non-living.
Definition
Reason viruses do not get categorized into a kingdom.
Term

Bacteria

Viruses

Yeasts

Molds

Protozoa

Definition
Types of Microorganisms
Term
Bacteriology
Definition
Study of bacteria.
Term
Virology
Definition
Study of viruses.
Term
Mycology
Definition
Study of fungi (yeasts and molds).
Term
Protozoology
Definition
Study of protozoa.
Term

Bacteriology

Virology

Mycology

Protozoology

Definition
Studies that make up microbiology.
Term
True pathogens.
Definition
Microorganisms which always cause some harm.
Term
Immune system
Definition
The factor that affects how much harm a true pathogen causes in a person.
Term
Opportunistic Pathogen
Definition
Microorganism which may cause harm.
Term
Immune system and location of infection.
Definition
Factors that affect how much harm an opportunistic pathogen can do in a person.
Term
Hospitals
Definition
Where most opportunistic pathogens are found.
Term
Nonpathogens
Definition
Microorganisms which never cause harm.
Term

Brain/Spinal Cord

 

Heart/Blood vessels

 

Kidneys

Definition
3 places in the body where bacteria is not normally found.
Term
Urine is toxic to microorganisms.
Definition
Reason bacteria do not normally live in the kidneys.
Term

Animal

 

Plant

 

Fungi

 

Protista

 

Monera

Definition
5 Kingdoms of Living Organisms
Term

Fungi → Yeasts/Molds

 

Protista → Protozoa

 

Monera → Bacteria

Definition
Kingdoms that make up microbiology.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Contains DNA of organism.
Term
Eukaryotic Cells
Definition

are higher celled

have nucleus

have more than 1 linear chromosome

divide by mitosis

have many cytoplasmic structures

some have cell wall

some have flagella

Term
Prokaryotic Cells
Definition

Lower cells

No nucleus

1 circular chromosome

do not divide by mitosis

have few cytoplasmic structures

have cell wall

some have flagella

Term
Viruses
Definition

acellular

no nucleus

1 chromosome of unknown shape

do not divide by mitosis

no cytoplasmic structures

no cell walls

no flagella

Term
Peptidoglycan
Definition
Protein sugar substance that prokaryotic cell walls contain.
Term
Cellulose
Definition
Plants cell walls contain this substance that makes them rigid.
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