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Bio 211: Exam 3: Chapter 23 Questions & Answers
Chapter 23 The Urinary System Questions & Answers
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Biology
04/09/2011

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Term
Micturition occurs when the _____ contracts.
Definition
detrusor muscle
Term
The compact ball of capillaries in a nephron is called
Definition
the glomerulus
Term
Which of these is the most abundant nitrogenous waste in the blood?
Definition
urea
Term
Which of these lies closest to the renal cortex?
Definition
the fibrous capsule
Term
Most sodium is reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by
Definition
the proximal convoluted tubule
Term
A glomerulus and glomerular capsule make up one
Definition
renal corpuscle
Term
The kidney has more _____ than any of the other structures listed.
Definition
afferent arterioles
Term
The renal clearance of _____ is normally zero.
Definition
amino acids
Term
Increased ADH secretion should cause the urine to have
Definition
a higher specific gravity
Term
The _____ reflex is an autonomic reflex activated by pressure in the urinary bladder.
Definition
micturition
Term
_____ is the ability of a nephron to adjust its GFR independently of nervous or hormonal influences.
Definition
renal autoregulation
Term
The two ureters and the urethra form the boundaries of a smooth area called the _____ on the floor of the urinary bladder.
Definition
trigone
Term
The _____ is a group of epithelial cells of the nephron loop that monitors the flow or composition of the tubular fluid.
Definition
macula densa
Term
To enter the capsule space, filtrate must pass between foot processes of the _____, cells that form the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
Definition
podocytes
Term
Glycosuria occurs if the rate of glomerular filtration of glucose exceeds the _____, cells that form the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
Definition
transport maximum
Term
_____ is a hormone that regulates the amount of water reabsorbed by the collecting duct.
Definition
antidiuretic hormone
Term
The _____ sphincter is under involuntary control and relaxes during the micturition reflex.
Definition
internal urethra
Term
Very little _____ is found in the glomerular filtrate because it is negatively charged and is repelled by the basement membrane of the glomerulus.
Definition
protein
Term
Blood flows through the _____ arteries just before entering the interlobular arteries.
Definition
arcuate