Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Bio 123
CH 5 & 6
31
Biology
Undergraduate 3
06/28/2016

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

  1. What are the plasma membrane components and the functions of each? 

Definition

1. Phospholipid Bilayer 

2. Cholesterol

3. Protein

4. Glycocalyx

Term
What is the phospholipid bilayer
Definition
  • Largest component
  • hydrophilic head
  • hydrophobic tail
  • Selectively permable: ( SOLUABLE AND SMALL MOLECULES )
  • forms when water comes in & out 
Term
What is cholesterol
Definition
  • Interspersed through bilayer
  • Blocks small molecules
  • resists hot & cold temp

 

Term
What is the two types of proteins
Definition
  1. Intergral: binds hydrophobic interiror 
  2. Peripheral :lie on either side of the membrane 
Term
What is glycocalyx
Definition
  • Carbohdyrate 
  • Outside of PM
  • ( Lubricate Area ) between cells and alllow them to adhere where needed
Term

 

  1. What is the fluid mosaic model? 

Definition
  • It is the plasma membrane 
  • Many proteins 
  • Mix things up
Term
Two layers of Phospholipid
Definition
  1. Head = face outside 
  2. Tail = 2 fatty acids, face each other
Term
What are the 4 protein functions
Definition
  1. Structual support: cytoplasm
  2. recognition: attacks cells that isnt theirs (specific)
  3. communication: allow for signal 
  4. (RECEPTOR):signals molecules
  5. transport: ways for specific molecules in & out
Term
What is concentration gradient?
Definition
different between HIGH and LOW concentration solute
Term
Compare and contrast active and passive transport
Definition

Active : Energy is needed to move molecules through PM

Used for nerve and muscle action

Passive : does not need energy to move through PM

ATP is large, Electron is small 

Term
Compare and contrast Diffusion and Osmosis
Definition

Diffusion : movement from a HIGHER to a LOWER concentration of something

OSMOSIS: movement of WATER molecules from a HIGHER to a LOWER concentration 

Term

 

  1. Explain the 3 tonic environments cells are exposed to. How do animal and plant cells respond to the

    environments? ** 

Definition
  1. Hypotonic: LOW concentration < cell = cell SWELLS
  2. Isotonic: osmotic pressure and solution equal = cells stays normal
  3. Hypertonic: High concentration > cell = shrivels
Term

 

  1. What are endocytosis & exocytosis? 

Definition
  1. Excergonic : RELEASE large molecules OUT
  2. Endergonic : BRING IN large molecules in vescicle 
Term
Pinocytosis
Definition
Fluid that is taken in as vescicles
Term
What is the two types of energy
Definition
  1. Potential : Energy is stored
  2. Kinetic : energy is in motion, produces heat, once it is heat, it will not reform 
Term

 

  1. What are the 1st two laws of thermodynamics? 

Definition
  1. Energy is neither created nor destoryed, only transferred
  2. Energy transfer will always results in a greater amount of disorder 
  3. The more, the greater disorder 
Term

 

  1. What is heat and entropy? 

Definition
  1. Entropy: measure of the amount of disorder
  2. Heat = disorder 
Term

 

  1. Explain exergonic reactions? ** 

Definition
  1. Exergonic : RELEASING (DOWNHILL) 
  2. energy > products 
  3. starches break down to sugar
  4. stored energy is released
Term

 

  1. Explain  exergonic reactions? ** 

Definition
Exergonic:
Term

 

  1. Explain endergonic ? ** 

Definition
  1. Endergonic : BRINGS IN 
  2. Uphill
  3. energy > reactants 
  4. ANAbolic: energy goes in to come out 
  5. uses energy
  6. small to large 
Term
ATP and ADP
Definition
  1. Adenosine and phosphate group
  2. most important energy trasnfer 
  3. energy comes from Phosphate group (-)
  4. Production = dehydration & endergonic 
  5. 2nd & 3rd = hydrolysis & excergonic
  6. hydrolysis to ADP
Term
Enzyme
Definition
  1. speeds things up
  2. reactant to product 
  3. lowers activation energy, makes faster
Term
Substrate
Definition
susbstance that helps enzymes transform
Term
Active site
Definition
specific pocket for each substrate
Term
catalate + _____ = hydrogen peroxide
Definition
subtrate
Term
Metabolic pathways
Definition
chemical reactions working together to a common goal
Term
metabolism
Definition
sum of all chemical reactions
Term
energey coupling
Definition
exergonic reactions power endergonic reactions
Term
Denaturalation
Definition
different shape = cant combine
Term
competitive inhibittion
Definition
inhibits molecults binds to active site
Term
non competitive inhbition
Definition
inhibiting molecules binds to another, active site changes
Supporting users have an ad free experience!