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Bio 113 Lecture 1
Genetics
14
Biology
Undergraduate 1
01/14/2013

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Term

Mendel's 1st law

The Law of Segregation

Definition
the two forms of a gene (alleles) present in each parent, segregate independantly.
Term
what type of cross occurs between two true breeding individuals differing in only one character?
Definition

a monohybrid cross

eg/ breeding a green and yellow pea pod of the parent generation

Term
what is the true breeding parents known as?
Definition
the parent generation
Term
what is the first offspring of the parent generation known as?
Definition
F1 generation
Term
what is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Definition

the genotype is the genetic constitution of an organism

 

the phenotype is the appearance or other observable characteristics of an organism

Term
what is a homozygous cell?
Definition
a cell carrying 2 identical alleles at a genetic locus
Term
what is a heterozygous cell?
Definition
a cell carrying two different alleles at a genetic locus
Term
what method is used to determine the genotype of an individual with the dominant phenotype of a trait
Definition

the testcross

 

eg. a green podded plant could either be a heterozygote Gg or a dominant homozygote GG

Term
Mendel's Law of Independant Assortment
Definition
each pair of alleles assorts independantly of each other pair of alleles during gamete formation
Term
what cross involves parents differing in 2 characteristics?
Definition
a dihybrid cross
Term

which law is this?

the 2 alleles present in each diploid parent segregate independantly - so only one is passed to each of the progeny

Definition
Law of Segregation
Term

which law is this?

each pair of alleles assorts independantly - so different combinations can occur in the progeny

Definition
Law of Independant Assortment
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