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Details

BEHP5000 Unit 7
Unit 7
26
Psychology
Post-Graduate
10/13/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

Determinism

 

Definition

 

Behavior is lawful.  The universe is a lawful and orderly place.

 

Term

Determinism

Definition

 

All phenomena occur as a result of other events.

 

Term

Determinism

Definition

 

Behavior is a function of genetics and the environment.

 

Term

Empiricism

Definition

Behavior can be studied scientifically.

Term

Empiricism

Definition

Objective observation with thorough description and quantification of the phenomena of interest, behavior, with regard to behavioral dimensions.

Term

Empiricism

Definition

 

Induction is used to derive scientific facts.

 

Term

Scientific Manipulation

Definition

Events that are thought to affect the phenomena of interest are carefully and systematically manipulated to elucidate their effects.

Term

Parsimony

Definition

All simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or extract explanations are considered.

Term

Parsimony

Definition

 

AKA Ocham’s Razor

 

Term

 

Philosophic Doubt

 

Definition

 

Skepticism:  Conclusions derived from scientific manipulations are tentative.  They may be modified or discarded when new facts or discoveries come to life.

 

Term

 

Behaviorism

 

Definition

 

The philosophy underlying behavior analysis

 

Term

Behaviorism

Definition

Rejects casual variables such as the “mind, will, and self” and other hypothetical constructs as explanatory fictions

Term

Behaviorism

Definition

 

Determined by past and current environmental events in concert with genetics and organic variables.

 

Term

Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism

Definition

Includes verbal behavior, private events, and a utopian view:  save the world!

Term

Explanatory fictions

Definition

A comprehensive analysis of human behavior based upon contingencies of reinforcement in a person’s life (ontogenic variables) as well as what Natural Selection has chosen for the species (phylogenic variables)

Term

Explanatory fictions

Definition

Provides little room for explanations of behavior based on nominal hypothetical constructs such as the “will”, the “self”, and other explanatory fictions

Term

Explanatory fictions

Definition

Summary labels of behavior such as traits, states, attitudes, and diagnostic categories, are used to explain behavior.

Term

Explanatory fictions

Definition

Description becomes an explanation.  But the supposed cause cannot be observed independently of the behavior it is supposed to explain.

Term

Explanatory fictions

Definition

Teleological explanations:  future events, mistakenly, are used to explain behavior (in order to, trying to get, he will)

Term

Experimental analysis of behavior

Definition

Provides the scientific method for studying behavior.  It uses cumulative records, manipulation of variables & automated recording

Term

Four methodologies of EAB

Definition

 

Direct, repeated measurement of behavior

 

Term

Four methodologies of EAB

Definition

Rate of response as the basic datum, instead of number of errors of percent (# of responses/unit of time)

Term

Four methodologies of EAB

Definition

Visual inference instead of statistical inference (graphing)

Term

Four methodologies of EAB

Definition

Within subject comparisons instead of group (statistical) designs.  Each individual subject acts as their own control

Term

Applied Behavior Analysis

Definition

The design, implementation, and evaluation of environmental modifications to produce socially significant improvements in human behavior

Term

Applied Behavior Analysis

Definition

Includes the use of direct observation, measurement, and functional analysis of the relations between environment and behavior

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