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Behavior in Organization Ch 13
Leadership in Organizations
50
Business
Undergraduate 2
12/13/2009

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Term
Leader
Definition
Individual within a group or an organization who wields the most influence over others.
Term
Leadership
Definition
The process whereby one indivisual influences other group members toward the attainment of defined group or organizational goals.
Term
Great Person Theory
Definition
The view that leaders possess special traits that set them apart from others, and that these traits are responsible for their assuming positions of power and authority.
Term
Leadership Motivation
Definition
The desire to influence others, especially toward the attainment of shared goals.
Term
Personalized Power Motivation
Definition
Leaders' desire to influence others.
Term
Socialized Power Motivation
Definition
Leaders' interest in cooperating with others, developing networks and coalitions, and generally working with subordinates rather than trying to control them.
Term
Authentic Leaders
Definition
Highly moral individuals who are confident, hopeful, optimistic, and resilient, and who are highly aware of the contexts in which they operate.
Term
Multiple Domains of Intelligence
Definition
Intelligence as measured in several different ways, such as cognitive intelligence (traditional measures of the ability to integrate and interpret information), emotion intelligence (the ability to be sensitive to one's own and others' emotions) and cultural intelligence) awareness of cultural differences between people.
Term
Cultural Intelligence
Definition
A person's sensitivity to the fact that leaders operate differently in different cultures.
Term
Drive, honesty and integrity, leadership motivation, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business, creativity and flexibility.
Definition
8 Characteristics of Successful leaders
Term
Drive
Definition
Desire for acheivement; ambition; high energy; tenacity; initiative
Term
Honesty and Integrity
Definition
Trustworthy; reliable; open
Term
Leadership motivation
Definition
Desire to exercise influence over others to reach shared goals.
Term
Self-Confidence
Definition
Trust in own abilities.
Term
Cognitive Ability
Definition
Intelligence; ability to integrate and interpret large amounts of info
Term
Knowledge of the Business
Definition
Knowledge of industry and relevant technical matters.
Term
Creativity
Definition
Originality
Term
Flexibility
Definition
Ability to adapt to needs of ollowers and requirements of situations.
Term
Autocratic
Definition
A style in leadership in which the leader makes all decisions unilaterally.
Term
Participative Leadership Style
Definition
A style of leadership in which the leader permits subordinates to take part in decision making and also permits them a considerable degree of autonomy in completing routine work activities.
Term
Autocratic-delegation continuum model
Definition
An approach to leadership describing the ways in which leaders allocate influence to subordinates. This ranges from controlling everything to allowing others to make decisions for themselves. Between these extremes are more participative forms of leadership-consulting and making joint decisions.
Term
Two-dimensional model of subordinate participation
Definition
An approach to leadership that describes the nature of the influence leaders give followers. It distinguishes between leaders who are directive or permissive toward subordinates, and the extent to which they are participative or autocratic in their decision making. Individual leaders may be classified into four types in terms of where they fall when these two dimensions are combined.
Term
Directive Democratic
Definition
Makes decisions participatively; closesly supervises subordinates.
Term
Permissive Democratic
Definition
Makes decisions participatively; giving subordinates lattitude in carrying out their own work.
Term
Directive Autocrat
Definition
Makes decisions unilaterally; closely supervises subordinates.
Term
Permissive Autocrat
Definition
makes decisions unilaterally; gives subordinates latitude in carrying out their own work.
Term
Initiating Structure/Production-Centered
Definition
Activities by a leader designedt o enhance productivity or task performance. Leaders who focus primarily on these goals are described as demonstrating a task-oriented style.
Term
Consideration/Person-Centered
Definition
Actions by a leader that demonstrate concern with the welfare of subordinates and establish positive relations with them. Leaders who focus primareily on this task are often described as demonstrating a person-oriented style.
Term
Grid Training
Definition
A multi-step process designed to cultivate concern for people and concern for production.
Term
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Model
Definition
A theory suggesting that leaders form different relations with various subordinates adn that the nature of such dyadic exchanges can exert strong effects on subordinates' performance and satisfaction.
Term
Grassroots Leadership
Definition
An approach to leadership that turns the traditional management hierchy upside-down by empowering people to make their own decisions.
Term
Attribution approach (to leadership)
Definition
The approach to leadership that focuses on leaders' attributions of followers performance-that is, their perceptions of its underlying causes.
Term
Rally 'round the flag effect
Definition
THe tendency for followers to make positive attributions about their leaders when they appear to be working to keep things together during a crisis situation.
Term
Charismatic Leaders
Definition
Leaders who exert especially powerful effects on followers by virtue of the attributions followers make about them. Such individuals have high amounts of self-confidence, present a clearly articulated vision, behave in extraordinary ways, are recognized as change agents, and are sensivite to teh environmental constraints they face.
Term
Pragmatic Leadership
Definition
A type of leadership based on methodically developing solutions to problems and working them through in a thorough manner.
Term
Transformational Leadership
Definition
Leadership in which leaders use their charisma to transform and revitalize their organizations.
Term
Contingency Theories of Leader Effectiveness
Definition
Any of several theories which recognize that certain styles of leadership are more effective in some situations than others.
Term
LPC Contingency Theory
Definition
A theory suggesting that leader effectiveness is determined both by characteristics of leaders and by the level of situational control they are able to exert over subordinates.
Term
LPC
Definition
short for "esteem for least preferred co-worker" a personality variable distinguishing between individuals with respect to their concern for people (high) and their concern for production (low)
Term
Leader Match
Definition
The practice of matching leaders (based on their LPC scores) to the groups whose situations best match those in which they are expected to be most effective (according to LPC contingency theory).
Term
Situational Leadership Theory
Definition
A theory suggesting that the most effective style of leadership (either delegating, participating, selling, or telling) depends on the extent to which followers require guidance and directions, and emotional support.
Term
Path-Goal Theory
Definition
A theory of leadership suggesting that subordinates will be motivated by a leader only to the extent they perceive this individual as helping them to attain valued goal.
Term
Normative Decision Theory
Definition
A theory of leader effectiveness focusing primarily on strategies for choosing the most effective approach to making decisions.
Term
Substitutes for Leadership
Definition
The view that high levels of skill among subordinates or certain features of technology and organizational structure sometimes serve as substitutes for leaders, rendering their guidance or influence superfluous.
Term
Leadership Development
Definition
The practice of systematically training people to expand their capacity to function effectively in leadership roles.
Term
360-degree feedback
Definition
The process of using multiple sources from around an organization, and outside it, to evaluate the work of an individual-often used for leaders to learn what people think about them.
Term
Networking
Definition
A leadership development tool designed to help people make connections to others to whom they can turn for information and problem solving.
Term
Guanxi
Definition
In china, a person's network of personal and business connections.
Term
Executive Coaching
Definition
A technique of leadership development that involves custom-tailored, on-on-one learning aimed at improving an individual leader's performance.
Term
Action Learning
Definition
A leadership development technique involving a continuous process of learning and reflection that is supported by colleagues and that emphasizes getting things done.
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