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Beginning of American History
N/A
70
History
11th Grade
09/13/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Columbus
Definition
October 12, 1492 Columus discovered the New World, America
Term
Ferdinand and Isabella
Definition
Of Spain, they financed Columbus' jouney to America
Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition

The first trading begins in America

(fur trade)

Term
Phillip II
Definition
Spain's king, sends ships to attack England because of competition, Spain accuses England of stealing from their ships, religion, and a failed marriage proposal to Queen Elizabeth
Term
1588/Spanish Armada
Definition
England won and becomes #1 naval power; English colonization of the new world
Term
Jamestown
Definition
May 14, 1607 - Jamestown, Virginia is 1st permanent English colony
Term
Captain John Smith
Definition
Founder of Jamestown
Term
Mayflower Compact and William Bradford
Definition
November 9, 1620 - Mayflower lands at Plymouth Rock, MA; 1st government document in New World signed by all men
Term
French and Indian War/7 Years War
Definition

Causes:

  1. Competition in fur trade/money
  2. Early land claims
  3. Religion
  4. Other disagreements

England won; war from 1754 - 1763

 

 

Term
George III
Definition
Became King of England in 1760
Term
Proclamation of 1763
Definition
Colonists cannot move west of Appalachian Mountains; some have already moved and indians will not follow it
Term
Sugar Act
Definition
Tax on molasses
Term
Currency Act
Definition
Taxes have to be paid in silver and gold
Term
Quartering Act
Definition
Colonists must provide food and shelter for soldiers
Term
Stamp Act
Definition

1765 - Tax on paper products

  1. Othe colonies didn't have to do it
  2. It is the wrong place for soldiers
  3. It is peace time
  4. It is expensive
  5. It is crowded
Term
Sons of Liberty
Definition
Lead by Sam Adams and Patrick Henry
Term
Sam Adams and Patrick Henry
Definition
Actual representation for congress debate of boycotting taxes
Term
Declaratory Act
Definition
1766 - Repeal the stamp act but other taxes are possible
Term
Townshend Duties
Definition
1767 - Tax on glass, lead, paper
Term
Crispus Attucks
Definition
1st to die in Boston Massacre
Term
John Adams
Definition
Defense lawyer of arrested soldiers in Boston Massacre
Term
Boston Massacre
Definition
March 5, 1770 - Thomas Preston is an arrested officer
Term
December 16, 1773
Definition
Boston Tea Party at Griffins Wharf at Boston Harbor lead by Leonard Pitt
Term
Intolerable Acts
Definition
  1. Closed Boston Harbor
  2. Tea must be paid for
  3. Massachusetts must pay a fine
  4. Hutchinson is removed as governor and replaced by Thomas Gage
Term
First Continental Congress
Definition
Result of the Quebec and Intolerable Acts
Term
September 5, 1774
Definition
1st Continental Congress in Philadelphia; 56 people attend
Term
Conciliatory Proposition
Definition
An offer by George III to let colonists choose what they want to be taxed on but their angry because they don't want to be taxed at all
Term
April 18, 1775
Definition
Paul Revere's Ride - Thomas Gage hears rumors that Concord is becoming an arsenal so he sets out 800 soldiers to arrest Sam Adams and John Hancock
Term
Second Continental Congress
Definition
Patrick Henry - "Give me liberty or give me death" after battle in Concord
Term
June 17, 1775
Definition
Battle of Bunker Hill
Term
Thomas Gage
Definition
Leader of the British Army in Concord
Term
Sam Prescott, Paul Revere, William Dawes
Definition
Warn Hancock and Adams and citizens of Concord about British
Term
Bunker Hill
Definition
British win but colonist did very well; 1/8 of British Generals died; Continental Congress becomes just Congress; George Washington is leader of Continental Army
Term
Thomas Paine
Definition

Wrote Common Sense

  1. We have tried to reason peacefully with George III
  2. George III only has colonies to make money
  3. George and us share same enemies
  4. England is too far away to own us
  5. People have already died
Term
Loyalists
Definition
Want to stay with England
Term
Patriots
Definition
Want independance from England
Term
George Washington
Definition
1st U.S. President - Federalist; 1789 - 1796
Term
Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Benjamin Franklin, Robert Livingston
Definition
Committee who was appointed to write statement of independance
Term
July 4, 1776
Definition
Declaration of Independance is approved and starts the beginning of the Revolution
Term
General William Howe
Definition
British leader in New York and New Jersey; wants to capture Philadelphia by himself
Term
Francis Marion
Definition
Leader of the swamp fox
Term
Nathaniel Greene
Definition
Washington sends him to help Marion
Term
General Cornwallis
Definition
Leader of British; surrenders October 19, 1781
Term
Nathan Hale
Definition
Spy for Washington, "I regret that I have but one life to give for my country."
Term
Benedict Arnold
Definition
Joined the British and Washington wanted him arrested but he escaped to Canada and leader of the troops to Albany
Term
John Paul Jones
Definition
Donated his ship - Bonhomme Richard when surrendered, "I have not begun to fight."
Term
George Rogers Clark
Definition
Captured forts at Vincennes, Indiana; Cahokia, Illinois; Kaskaskia, Illinois
Term
John Hansen
Definition
President of Congress
Term
Treaty of Paris
Definition
September 3, 1783 - Get independance, rights of nations, Canada, Florida, Mississippi, Atlantic; fishing rights
Term
John Adams
Definition
2nd Federalist president
Term
Benjamin Franklin
Definition
One of the 5 men sent to Paris; part of the committee to write the declaration
Term
Henry Laurens
Definition
One of the 5 men sent to Paris
Term
William Franklin
Definition
One of the 5 men sent to Paris
Term
John Jay
Definition
Leader of the Federalists
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition

1.     1st U.S. Constitution

2.     Create a unicameral legislature

3.     Powers: declare war, trade, alliances, laws, postal system, set weights and measures

4.     No U.S. president

5.     No taxes

6.     No national court system

7.     We have a president of congress – John Hansen

 

Term
John Dickinson
Definition
Wrote the Articles of Confederation
Term
Shays Rebellion
Definition
Farmer in Massachusetts, the state taxed farm land, Shays refuses to pay, threatens tax collectors, takes guns into foreclosure against farms
Term
Problems with Spain and England
Definition

Spain argues that the border of Georgia and Florida is the 33rd parallel, not the 31st

 

George III would not let English colonists to trade with America. He steals things from U.S. ships

Term
Land Ordinance of 1785
Definition

by Jefferson to organize territory in Ohio River Valley

  1. Get money for government
  2. ORV should be divided into 36 townships
  3. 1 section for school
  4. 4 sections for government
  5. Remaining sections will be sold to settlers for $1/acre
Term
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Definition

When an area has 5,00 free white males, it can elect a representative

30,000 - free white males, it can become a state with a constitution

No less than 3 state and 5 per territory

No slaves will exist

Term
Constitutional Convention
Definition

Ends September 17, 1787

  1. 39 delegates sign it - Federalists
  2. 16 delegates did not sign it - Anti-Federalists:Richard Henry Lee
  3. Madison, Jay, Hamilton
Term
May 25, 1787
Definition
Congress calls meeting in Philadelphia to review articles
Term
September 17, 1787
Definition
Constitutional Convention ends
Term
George Washington
Definition
Leader of Continental Army; 1st Federalist president of the U.S.
Term
James Madison
Definition
Secretary of convention
Term
John Jay
Definition
Leader of Federalists
Term
Federalists
Definition

Republic

Organized

Necessary to Survive

Flexible

Protects everyone with separate powers; checks and balances

Term
Anti-Federalists
Definition

Not a democracy

want a bill of rights

dislike power that congress has to have a standing army

dislike the elastic clause

illegal

treason

Term
Richard Henry Lee
Definition
Leader of Anti-Federalists
Term
April 30, 1789
Definition
George Washington becomes president
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