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BB Exam 4 Review
Lecture 31 & End of Book Q&A
69
Biology
Undergraduate 3
03/15/2015

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Term
What are the symptoms for an intravascular hemolytic reaction?
Definition
Shock, Renal Failure, Death
Term
If someone has receivd RhIG @ 28 weeks, what will be the titer?
Definition
Low, less than 1:32
(Often 1:8)
Term
Which AHG is used in a baby DAT?
Definition
Polyspecific AHG
Term
If a warm auto is present, how is it detected?
Definition
IAT+ including +Auto at AHG stage
Term
If donor has +DAT, what happens in the crossmatch?
Definition
Incompatibility in AHG stage
Term
If a unit is mistyped, how does this effect a crossmatch?
Definition
All reactions are positive
Term
What could happen if wrong patient received blood?
Definition
Fatal
Term
How is blood issued in an emergency situation?
Definition
-Doctor must sign release form
-Give O= first; O+ if not a female of childbearing age
-If female of childbearing age and give Rh+ blood, give RhIG if she is Rh=
Term
Will irradiated blood be helpful for platelets?
Definition
No
Term
If I & K ABYs are present, what phenotype should be given and should other precautions be made?
Definition
Give K= blood; Prewarm prior to transfusing
Term
What should be given if Plt count is normal, PT increased, PTT increased?
Definition
FFP
Term
Is this an example of HDN:
Baby is Rh+ DAT=
Mom is Rrh = IAT =
Definition
No
Term
Could someone who is healthy, hct of 38% give blood for an autologous donation?
Definition
Yes
Term
Can Plts be contaminated by bacteria?
Definition
Yes, because it is stored at RT
Term
Which hepatitis can be contracted from a transfusion?
Definition
B & C
Term
Can HIV be transmitted by pooled cryo?
Definition
Yes
Term
Can HIV be transmitted in pooled products?
Definition
Yes, it increases the chances;
Term
True or False:
Plasma centers have a high risk of transmission of HIV
Definition
True
Term
What amount of blood loss can occur and the patient still feel well?
Definition
500 mL
Term
During acute blood loss, is blood directed to the extremities?
Definition
No
Term
What adverse reaction is experienced during apheresis that is unique to aphaeresis?
Definition
Citrate toxicity
Term
What blood type should be given if the blood type changed after a BMT?
Definition
Depends on the nature of the incompatibility and DAT results
Term
What are examples of immune transfusion reactions?
Definition
Febrile
Non-hemolytic
Term
What is an exampled of a delayed adverse reaction?
Definition
HIV
Hepatitis
Term
In a BMT, is HLA or ABO of greater importance?
Definition
HLA
Term
What are the consequences of DHTR?
Definition
Decreased hematocrit
Increased bilirubin
Term
Has the p24 HIV AGN test eliminated the window period?
Definition
No
Term
Should a mom who is D=, weak D+ receive RhIG?
Definition
No
Term
If a patient is experiencing platelet refractory problems, will irradiating the unit be required?
Definition
No
Term
When would you NOT want to salvage blood?
Definition
Cancer such as tumor removal
Term
How much will random platelets increase the platelet count?
Definition
5-10,000 platelets/unit
Term
Febrile or Allergic:
HLA ABYs
Definition
Febrile
Term
Febrile or Allergic:
IgA deficient recipient reacts to donor's blood
Definition
Allergic
Term
Febrile or Allergic:
Rash and hives
Definition
Allergic
Term
Febrile or Allergic:
Leukodepleted products are used
Definition
Febrile
Term
Febrile or Allergic:
Use antihistamines
Definition
Allergic
Term
Intravascular or Extravascular Hemolysis:
Several units of Group A is given to group O person
Definition
Intravascular
Term
Intravascular or Extravascular Hemolysis:
Reaction occurs sever days after transfusion
Definition
Extravascular
Term
Intravascular or Extravascular Hemolysis:
Associated with IgG ABYs
Definition
Extravascular
Term
Intravascular or Extravascular Hemolysis:
Most serious reaction
Definition
Intravascular
Term
Intravascular or Extravascular Hemolysis:
May occur without prior exposure
Definition
Intravascular
Term
Intravascular or Extravascular Hemolysis:
Associated with renal failure
Definition
Intravascular
Term
After centrifugation using the ID-MTS anti-IgG gel cards, a layer of agglutinated cells was observed at the top of two of the three screening cell microtubes. What should be done next?
Definition
Proceed to an ABY identification panel
Term
Indicator cells used in SPRCA are:
Definition
IgG coated RBCs that cross-link with IgG ABYs attached to the well
Term
A patient experiences chills and fever, nasuea, flushing, and lower back pain after infusion of 150 mL of blood. To rule out an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, one should immediately:
Definition
Perform a DAT and visually compare pretransfusion and posttransfusion serum samples
Term
Dyspnea, severe headache, and peripheral edema occurring soon after transfusion are indicative of which type of transfusion reaction?
Definition
TACO
Term
What is a common cause of a febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction?
Definition
Recipient has ABY to the donor's HLA AGNs
Term
What plasma protein functions to bind hemoglobin following intravascular hemolysis?
Definition
Haptoglobin
Term
What adverse complication of transfusion can be prevented by the irradiation of blood components?
Definition
TA-GVHD
Term
What is the following characteristic of:
Positive ABY screen in posttransfusion sample
Definition
Delayed Serologic transfusion reaction
Term
What blood system ABYs are commonly associated with delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction?
Definition
Kidd
Term
A patient has experienced 2 febrile nonhemolytic reactions after RBC transfusion. What is the preferred blood component if future transfusions are necessary?
Definition
Leukocyte-reduced RBCs
Term
What is the following characteristic of:
IgA = recipient with Anti-IgA ABYs
Definition
Future transfusions with saline-washed RBCs
Term
What is the cause of transfusion-induced hemosiderosis
Definition
Iron Overload
Term
What laboratory test is useful to detect clerical errors of sample identification in an acute transfusion investigation?
Definition
ABO typing
Term
What MO grows well at 4 degrees Celsius and may result in a transfusion-transmitted sepsis?
Definition
Yersinia enterocolitica
Term
What is the expected therapeutic effect in the recipient's hematocrit after the transfusion of 1 unit of RBCs?
Definition
Increase of 3%
Term
Anaphylactic reactions to transfusion are usually caused by what?
Definition
Anti-IgA in an IgA-deficient recipient
Term
A precipitious decrease in a recipient's platelet count after a transfusion is associated with:
Definition
Posttransfusion purpura
Term
Wwhen evaluating a possible delayed hemolytic reaction, what is the best sample to use for bilirubin determination?
Definition
6 hours posttransfusion
Term
In a delayed serologic or hemolytic transfusion reaction, the DAT is typically:
Definition
Weak Positive, mixed field
Term
The use of plasma from only male donors for transfusion is a preventive method for which type of transfusion reaction?
Definition
TRALI
Term
Premedication with diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a common procedure when administrating platelets to patients undergoing frequent transfusions. Which type of transfusion reaction does this medication prevent?
Definition
Allergic
Term
Posttransfusion purpura following transfusion of a platelet or RBC unit is usually caused by:
Definition
Anti-HPA-1a made by the recipient
Term
Five days after a transfusion, a patient returned to his physician for postsurgical blood tests. It was noted that the Hemoglobin value decreased from 11 to 9 mg/dL during that time. The patient had not experienced any symptoms. To rule out a DHTR, what test should be performed?
Definition
DAT on current sample, elution if possible
ABY screen on the current sample
Blood smear to check for spherocytes
Term
According to AABB Standards, continuing a transfusion after treatment with medication is allowed for what type of reaction?
Definition
Allergic
Term
Which of the following ABYs carries no risk of HDFN:
Anti-Le^a
Anti-C
Anti-K
Anti-S
Definition
Anti-Le^a
Term
The appearance of spherocytes in a baby's blood smear after delivery is usually associated with:
Definition
ABO HDFN
Term
The rosette test used for screening for a fetomaternal hemorrhage can detect a bleed as small as:
Definition
10 mL
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