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Baylor Intro to Socio Final
Kevin Dougherty
52
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
05/05/2009

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Cards

Term
Social Institution
Definition
organized patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered on basic social needs (ex. Family, religion, education, politics, eco.)
Term
Family
Definition
the social institution that unites people in cooperative groups for reproduction and mutual care.
Term
Kinship
Definition
A social bond based on blood, marriage, or adoption.
Term
Nuclear Family
Definition
A family unit composed of one or two parents and unmarried children living together (most dominant).
Term
Extended Family
Definition
when husband and wife and kids live with other kin.
Term
Monogamy
Definition
married to one person
Term
Serial Monogamy
Definition
Multiple spouses over a period of time
Term
Polygamy
Definition
Polygyny: more than one wife.
Polyandry: more than one husband.
Term
Patrilineal decent
Definition
through fathers relatives
Term
Matrilineal decent
Definition
through mothers relatives
Term
Bilateral descent
Definition
through both mom and dad
Term
Patriarchy
Definition
men dominate family decision making
Term
Matriarchy
Definition
women dominate decision making
Term
Egalitarian family
Definition
men and women equally share (more like a division of labor).
Term
Endogamy
Definition
practice of marrying within a particular
Term
Exogamy
Definition
practice of marrying within a particular group
Term
Religion
Definition
A social institution provides general explanations of existence, including terms of exchange with super natural.
Term
Religious Belief
Definition
statements to which members of a particular religion adhere.
Term
Religious ritual
Definition
practices required or expected of members of faith
Term
Church
Definition
religious organization that is in a relatively low state of tension with its environment.
Term
Sect
Definition
religious organization in a relatively high state of tension with environment but remains rooted in the dominant religious traditions of society. (Amish)
Term
Cult
Definition
new religious movement that represents faiths that are new and unconventional in a society. Thought of as deviant.
Term
Education
Definition
Social institution responsible for the systematic transmission of knowledge, skills, and cultural values within a formally organized structure.
Term
Tracking
Definition
practice of assigning students to a different type of educational program.
Term
Hidden Curriculum
Definition
subtle socialization of pupils into dominant ideology of society.
Term
Politics
Definition
social institution through which power is acquired and exercised.
Term
Monarchy
Definition
king and queen, inherited
Term
Authoritarianism
Definition
denies popular participation
Term
Totalitarianism
Definition
extensively regulates peoples lives
Term
Democracy
Definition
power to the people
Term
Economy
Definition
institution through which goods and services are ade and distributed produced and consumed
Term
Capitalism
Definition
competition, private property
Term
Socialism
Definition
collective goals, government control
Term
Power
Definition
the ability to exercise ones will over anothers
Term
Force
Definition
actual or threatened use of coercion to impose ones will on others
Term
Influence
Definition
power through persuasion
Term
Authority
Definition
institutionalized power perceived as legitimate by people
Term
Traditional Authority
Definition
through customs and practices (monarchy)
Term
Charismatic Authority
Definition
exceptional personal qualities of a leader
Term
Rational-legal Authority
Definition
power made legit by law
Term
Pluralist Model
Definition
power in a political system is widely dispersed throughout many competing interest groups. (special interest groups, political action committees).
Term
Elite Model
Definition
power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of elites and the masses are relatively powerless.
Term
Power Elite
Definition
small ruling elite of military, business and gov’t leaders who control the fate of the US.
Term
Political Socialization
Definition
symbolic interactionist
Term
Social Change
Definition
transformation of culture and social institutions over time.
Term
Crowd Behavior
Definition
people in the same place behaving in a similar way without organized direction (mobs, riots, panics)
Term
Mass Behavior
Definition
collective behavior among people spread out over a wide geographic area. (fads and fashion).
Term
Social Movement
Definition
an organized group that acts consciously to promote or resist change through collective action.
Term
Relative Deprivation Theory
Definition
social movements arise among people who feel deprived. (ligit right). They feel as if there is no other way through conventional means.
Term
Resource Mobilization Theory
Definition
to succeed, social ms must mobilize key resources; members, leadership and money.
Term
Resource Mobilization Theory
Definition
to succeed, social ms must mobilize key resources; members, leadership and money.
Term
New Social Movement Theory
Definition
emerge to promote actions based on politics, ideology and culture, quality of life issues and identity issues.
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