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Bacterial Meningitis
Lecture 7
27
Medical
Graduate
04/05/2011

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Term
seasons for enterovirus and WNV
Definition
enterovirus- spring; WNV - late summer, early fall
Term
signs and symptoms of acute bacterial meningitis
Definition
altered mental status, headache, meningeal signs, fever, photophobia, CN palsies, nausea/vomiting
Term
TB/fungal meningitis: clinical, pathology
Definition
subacute, granulomatous, targets basilar meninges
Term
common causes of meningitis in immunocompromised pts (3)
Definition
Listeria, TB, fungi
Term
young adults bacterial meningitis
Definition
Neisseria meningitis
Term
skull trauma (2)
Definition
Strep, Staph
Term
HIV is a risk factor for which meningitis?
Definition
Cryptococcus
Term
neonates bacterial meningitis (3)
Definition
GBS, Gram negatives, Listeria
Term
adult bacterial meningitis (2)
Definition
Strep pneumoniae, Listeria
Term
highest mortality rates among...
Definition
pneumococcus infections, neonates, and elderly
Term
path of acquisition and infection
Definition
nasopharynx -> bacteremia or meningeal invasion -> subarachnoid space
Term
host defenses vs. bug offenses (3)
Definition
sIgA - IgA protease; phagocytosis - capsule; cilia - pili
Term
complement deficiency increases risk for...
Definition
Neisseria meningitis
Term
splenectomy increases risk for...
Definition
H. influenza and Strep pneumoniae
Term
post-exposure antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated for...
Definition
household contacts, nursery contacts, N. meningitis, H. influenza
Term
immunizations are available for which bugs?
Definition
Hib, pneumococcus, N. meningitis
Term
antigenic component of S. pneumoniae and N. meningitis
Definition
S. pneumonia = Gram + = teichoic acids
N. meningitis = Gram - = LPS
Term
how does inflammation change the BBB?
Definition
opens tight junctions
Term
pathogenesis of cytokines effect on CBF
Definition
cytokines -> all edema types + vasculites -> increase ICP + infarction -> decrease CBF
Term
contraindications for LP (5)
Definition
hx of CNS disease, new onset seizure, elevated ICP (papilledema), immunocompromised, focal neurologic deficit
Term
normal LP values
Definition
protein <50, glucose 50-60, WBC <5, clear
Term
1. acute bacterial meningitis CSF values
2. fungal/TB meningitis
3. viral meningitis
Definition
1. high protein, low glucose, high PMNs, cloudy
2. moderate changes in all values; high TC/BCs
3. normal glucose; high TC/BCs
Term
tx for bacterial meningitis
Definition
3rd generation cephalosporin, vancomycin +/- ampicillin
Term
most common cause of aseptic meningitis
Definition
HSV
Term
clinical presentation of HSV meningitis vs. enterovirus meningitis
Definition
HSV - severe; enterovirus - benign, self limited
Term
ddx for non infectious aseptic meningitis
Definition
cyst/abscess, endocarditis, sarcoid, cancer, lupus
Term
children bacterial meningitis
Definition
Strep pneumo
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