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Baby Vocab
vocab for meiosis and gene trait stuff
23
Biology
10th Grade
11/18/2010

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Term
Gene
Definition
a strain of protein that contain DNA which control traits of all living things.
Term
Chromosome
Definition
the pair of matching DNA that contain instructions for every part of our body.
Term
Allele
Definition
Alleles are protein responsible for hereditary traits.
Term
Genotype
Definition
the combined allele pair that are responsible for a specific trait.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
the resulting effects of the Alleles on a certain trait.
Term
Gamete
Definition
a mature sexual reproductive cell such as sperm cells or eggs.
Term
Gamete
Definition
a mature sexual reproductive cell such as sperm cells or eggs.
Term
Punnett Square
Definition
A grid that is used to show the gamete alleles and another parents gametes and the possible pairings between the parents.
Term
Random Segregation
Definition
Random segregation is the process which gametes are paired up and the resulting Phenotypes.
Term
Crossing over
Definition
Crossing over occurs during cell Meiosis. it is where the copies of the same Chromosomes swap alleles.
Term
Independent Assortment
Definition
is the idea that Alleles are not bound to each other and can be interchangeable. so alleles can be on the same Chromosome but not be linked to each other.
Term
Meiosis
Definition
Meiosis is the process where cells replicate their chromosomes and then divide to contain only half the number of Chromosomes. these cells are used for makin babies.
Term
Fertilization
Definition
the process of two gamete cells combining their 1N chromosomes to make enough chromosomes to make a baby.
Term
Zygote
Definition
zygote are the first part of cell fertilization. at the point where a whole cell is created in an egg with the help of the other gamete, sperm, the egg becomes a zygote.
Term
Dominant
Definition
this means a trait is automatically present if the allele is present. no matter the pairing.
Term
Recessive
Definition
Recessive traits are where the effect requires two alleles to be recessive in order to be present in a baby.
Term
Homozygous
Definition
Homozygous is the allele combination with identical alleles in the same pair. such as EE or aa
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
Heterozygous is the allele combination with two different alleles in the same pair. such as Ee or Aa
Term
Autosomal Inheritance
Definition
these traits are only present on the other 22 chromosomes that doesn't have to do with the gender chromosomes.
Term
x- linked Inheritance
Definition
these traits occur on the X chromosome that determines gender.
Term
Complete Dominance
Definition
this is where a trait is either present or absent. one way or another way. never a mix or blend.
Term
Co-dominance
Definition
Co-dominance is where a both variations of a trait are visible. so a combination of both ways.
Term
Incomplete Dominance
Definition
where the traits two variations are blended together in a new variation.
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