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Axial Skeleton
Chapter 6
31
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
10/17/2011

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Cards

Term
what bones does the axial skeleton have?
Definition
skull, vertebrae, ribs, pelvis (protective bones)
Term
cranium
Definition
encases the brain
Term
lacrimal bone
Definition
where tear duct exits skull into eyes
Term
frontal bone
Definition
medial side of orbit, covers front of skull
Term
parietal bone
Definition
caudal to frontal, protects sides of brain
Term
occiptal bone
Definition
caudal to parietal bone, spinal cord exits skull through this bone
Term
temporal bone
Definition
ventral to parietal and occiptal bones
where ear canal enters skull at external acoustic meatus
Term
what is the joint with the mandible called?
Definition
temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Term
name the facial bones rostral to cranium
Definition
incisive bones
nasal bones
maxilla
palatine bones
zygomatic bones
Term
incisive bones
Definition
holds upper incisor teeth, very front of skull
Term
nasal bones
Definition
caudal to incisive bones, makes up bridge of nose
Term
maxilla
Definition
holds upper cheek teeth, lateral to nasal bones
Term
palatine bones
Definition
ventral to maxilla, makes up palate (roof of mouth)
Term
zygomatic bones
Definition
caudal to maxilla and rostral to temporal bone
makes up rostral portion of orbit (surrounding eyeball)
Term
mandible
Definition
hold all lower teeth
Term
sinuses
Definition
hollow areas in several skull bones
Term
hyoid apparatus
Definition
supports the larynx and tongue
suspended from temporal bones
made of bone and carilage
Term
vertebral column
Definition
supports weight of body, protects spinal cord
Term
name the 6 parts of a vertebra and where they are located
Definition
spinous process (dorsal)
transverse processes (left and right laterally)
articular processes (cranial and caudal, left and right) articulates with vertebrae cranial and caudal to it
vertebral foramien (hole in middle where spinal cord runs)
body (central thick portion)
intervertebral discs (cartilage in between each pair of vertebrae for cushion)
Term
what are the two parts of a cervical vertebrae
Definition
Atlas (C1) and Axis (C2)
Term
thoracic vertebrae
Definition
very tall spinous processes attach to muscles of back
Term
each thoracic vertebrae joins to a ___
Definition
rib
Term
lumbar vertebrae
Definition
very wide long transverse processes to support the muscles of the abdomen
Term
sacral vertebrae (sacrum)
Definition
fused into one bone (sacrum)
pelvic bones attach to sacrum to support hind limbs
Term
caudal vertebrae
Definition
tail vertebrae - vary in # and are long narrow with very short processes
Term
all species have _ cervial vertebrae
Definition
7
Term
all species have __ thoracic vertebrae, except horses who have __
Definition
13, 18
Term
small animals have _ lumbar and _ sacral vertebrae
Definition
7, 3
Term
large animals have _ lumbar and _ sacral vertebrae
Definition
6, 5
Term
thoracic bones
Definition
protect thoracic cavity
Term
what are the first and last sternebrae
Definition
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