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Autonomic Nervous System
based on Physiology by Linda Costanzo, 3rd ed
8
Medical
Professional
11/06/2012

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Cards

Term
What type of effector organ receptor does the sympathetic nervous system use? What is the effector organ?
Definition
Nicotinic receptor
skeletal muscle
Term
What type of receptor does the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system use at the effector organ?
Definition
alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, beta-2 (all adrenergic) are used for smooth muscle and for glands

muscarinic, cholinergic receptors are used for sweat glands
Term
How many neurons does the sympathetic nervous system use to reach the effector organ? How about the autonomic nervous system or the adrenal nervous system?
Definition
sympathetic - 1 neuron
autonomic & adrenal - 2 neurons, a pre-ganglionic and a post-ganglionic
Term
What neurotransmitter is used to transmit signals from pre-ganglionic ANS neurons to post-ganglionic ANS neurons?
What type of receptor is on the post-ganglionic neurons?
Definition
ACh is used
nicotinic, cholinergic receptors are on the post-ganglionic neurons
Term
Do pre-ganglionic neuron differ between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the ANS?
Definition
the sympathetic division has short pre-ganglionic neurons
the parasympathetic division has long pre-ganglionic neurons that reach ganglia near the target effector organ
Term
What is unique about the sympathetic postganglionic synapse with the effect organ(s)?
Definition
all organs except for the sweat glands use adrenergic receptors
the sweat glands use muscarinic receptors and are stimulated by ACh
Term
True or False - The parasympathetic system always uses muscarinic receptors for it's effector organs.
What are it's effector organs?
Definition
True, muscarinic receptors using ACh
the effector organs are smooth muscle and glands
Term
How is the adrenal medulla stimulated?
Definition
a pre-ganglionic neuron releases ACh at a nicotinic receptor, stimulates release of Epinephrine (80%) or Norepinephrine (20%)
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