Shared Flashcard Set

Details

ATLS - women and children
ATLS course review
41
Medical
Professional
01/08/2007

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Most serious blunt trauma.....
Definition
Involves the brain
Term
Apnea, hypoventilation and hypoxia occurs....
Definition
5x more than hypotention
Term
Pediatrics MVA passenger
Definition
Restrained - Chest and abdominal injuries

- Lower spine fractures
Term
Pediastrian vs auto (peds) - Low speed
Definition
Lower extremity fracture
Term
Pedestrian vs auto (peds) high speed
Definition
Multiple trauma

- head and neck injuries
- upper and lower extremity injuries
Term
Length of infant's and 18 month old trachea
Definition
5 cm and 7 cm
Term
Concerning decreased pulse pressure
Definition
20 mmHG
Term
Lower limit of normal systolic blood pressure is
Definition
70 mmHg + 2x age in years
Term
Normally diastolic pressure should be
Definition
2/3 systolic
Term
At what volume bllod loss is hypotensin seen?
Definition
45%
Term
LR bolus
Definition
20 cc/kg x 3 to replace 25% blood loss
Term
Acceptable systlic blood pressure after resusciataion
Definition
90 mm Hg plus 2x the age in years
Term
Mobility of mediastinal structures
Definition
Makes child more sensitive to tension pneumothorax and flail chest,
Term
Rare in children
Definition
Diaphragmatic rupture
- aortic transection
- major tracheobronchial tears
- flail chest
- cardiac contusions
Term
DLB in kids
Definition
The presence of blood in the peritoneum does not mandate surgery.

however surgery is indicated

- leukocytosis
- feces
- vegetable fibers
- bile
Term
Fast in children
Definition
Not adequately studied

=However may be used to identify abd blood
Term
Common peds small intestine injury that does not require surgery
Definition
Duo hematoma - treated non-surgically
Term
Pancreatic injuries in children
Definition
Common blunt injury
Term
Common trauma related surgical injuries
Definition
Small bowel perf at the ligament of treitz,(late finding)

- mesenteric and small bowel avulsions (late finding)

-Bladder rupture (shallow pelvis)
Term
Lap belt injuries cause what type of injuries in children?
Definition
Enteric disruptions with chance fractures
Term
Cerebral blood flow and children
Definition
Normal cerebral blood flow increases proportionately to nearly twice tha of adult levels by the age of 5 years, and then decreases

This puts the brain at greater susceptibility to cerebral hypoxia.
Term
Consider intracranial monitoring
Definition
GCS < 8
- Motor score 1 or 2
- Multiple injuries with brain injury
-Abn Brain CT scan
Term
Pediatric verbal score
Definition
5- Approp words, social smile, fixes and follows

4 - Cries but is consolable

3 - Persistent irritability

2 - Restless, agitated

1 - None
Term
Pseudosubluxation
Definition
C2 on C3 in 20 % of children up until 16 years
Term
Pelvis and femur fractures
Definition
Less blood loss disproportionately than adults (drops HCT about 4)
Term
Levels of the pregnant uterous
Definition
12 weeks Intrapelvic-
20 weeks umbilicus-
34-36 weeks costal margin-
Term
Pregnancy and the bowel
Definition
The bowel rises making injury less likely in blunt trauma.

However - upper stabbing leads to bowel injury
Term
Blood loss without changes in VS in the pregnant patient
Definition
1200 - 1500 ml
Term
Blood pressure return to normal systolic and diastolic pressures
Definition
At term
Term
Restraint lap belt only
Definition
Forward flexion with uterine rupture and abruptio

Lap belt too high - uterine rupture
Term
Pregnancy and penetrating injury
Definition
Mother usually does fine but fetus suffers
Term
Hemorrhagic shock and survival of mother and fetus
Definition
High maternal survival but 80% fetal death
Term
Signs of uterine rupture
Definition
Higher incidence in profound shock, -
Abdominal tenderness-
Guarding, -
Rigidity, -
Rebound tenderness, -
Term
Other signs of uterine rupture
Definition
Abdominal fetal lie, -
Easy palpation of fetal parts (extrauterine location), -
Inability to palpate uterine fundus.
Term
X-ray evidence of uterine rupture
Definition
Extended fetal extremities, -
Abn fetal position, -
Free intraperitoneal air.
Term
When should heart tones be monitored?
Definition
After 10 weeks.
Term
Abruptio
Definition
70% will bleed thus 30% will not, -
Uterine tenderness, -
Frequent uterine cotractions, -
Uterine ultrasound may show the lesion.
Term
Continuous fetal monitoring should begin at
Definition
20 to 24 weeks
Term
Uterine contractions vs uterine tetany
Definition
Premature contractions vs placental separation
Term
Why fibrinogen is ordered in trauma labs
Definition
Placental separation, -
Amniotic embolism, -

Both may lead to DIC
Term
Maternal isoimmuniztion
Definition
As little as .07 ml blood can sens 70% of rh neg women.

All rh neg pregn women should be considered for immunoglobulin therapy. This should be instituted in the first 24 hours
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