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ATI Fundamentals Chpt 14-17
ATI Fundamentals for Nursing test review
18
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
01/10/2012

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Term
Mobility Assessment
Definition
should be done before attempting to position or move a client

begin with easiest movements -ROM
progress as tolerated: balance, gait then exercise
Term
Center of gravity
Definition
When upright, it is in the pelvis

to lift an object you must overcome its weight and know its COG, as you move, it shifts

the closer the line of gravity is to the center, the more stable

to lower you bend at hips and knees
Term
Lifting from floor
Definition
flex hips, knees and back
get object to thigh level
keep knees bent and back straight
stand up holding as close to body
bring load to COG
Term
Push/pulling
Definition
widen base of support
pull objects rather than push

if pushing, move front food forward
pulling, rear leg bag

use own body as counterweight

do not twist thoracic spine or bend back while hips and knees are straight
Term
Client Positioning - Fowlers
Definition
-Semi-Fowlers-supine at 30 degrees, knees may be elevated; used to prevent regurgitation of tube feedings/aspiration
-Fowlers-45 degrees, may elevate knees; NG tube and suctioning procedures, ventilation, dependent drainage, abdom surgery
-High fowlers: 90 degrees, no knee elevation; lung expansion, severe dyspnea
Term
Client Positioning - Trendelenburg
Definition
Trendelenburg: bed tilted with head lower than foor; used during postural draining and facilitates venous return

Reverse: head higher than foot; promotes gastric emptying and prevents esophageal reflux
Term
Client Positioning - Regulars
Definition
Supine: back with head/shoulders on pillow with foot support
Prone: flat on abdomen, face to one side; promotes mouth drainage after throat/oral surgery
lateral: side with weight on dependent hip/shoulder, arms flexed in front, pillow under head, neck, upper arm, leg and thigh; sleeping, 30 for PU
Sims: half between lateral and prone, lower arm behind, upper leg flexed more; oral drainage and sleeping
Orthopneic: sits at bed/bedside, pillow on table across lap and arms rested there; chest expansion - COPD
Term
Triage during Mass Casualty Events
Definition
Class I - Emergent - clients with life threatening injuries with high chance of survival
Class II - Urgent - clients with major injuries not yet life threatening and can wait up to an hour
Class III - Nonurgent - clients with minor injuries who don't need immediate attention
Class IV - Expectant - clients who are not expected to live and will be allowed to die naturally; comfort measures only
Term
Discharge/Relocation during mass casualty
Definition
First, ambulatory clients needing minimal care
Next, clients requiring assistance
Laast, unstable and/or requiring nursing care; not unless in imminent danger
Term
Inhalational anthrax
Definition
S.s: sore throat, fever, muscle aches, severe dyspnea, meningitis, shock

Treatment: IV cipro
Term
Botulism
Definition
s.s: difficulty swallowing, weakness, nausea, vomiting, ab cramps, difficulty breathing

Treatment: airway management, antitoxin, eliminate toxin
Term
Smallpox
Definition
s.s: high fever, fatigue, severe headache, rash-lesions, vomiting, delirium, bleeding

Treatment: No cure: hydrate, pain meds, antipyretics
Prevention: vaccine
Term
Ebola
Definition
s.s: sore throat, headache, high temp, n/v, diarrhea, bleeding, shock

Treatment: no cure: minimize invasive procedures
Prevention: Vaccine
Term
Bomb Threat
Definition
Phone: lengthen convo, listen to background, be alert for voice characteristics, ask where bomb will explode and time, note description of facility

Found: do not touch, clear area, obtain assistance from pro, isolate object

notify authorities and key personanel
Term
Codes
Definition
Code Red - Fire
Code Pink - Newborn Abduction
Code Orange - Chemical Spill
Code Blue - Mass Casualty Incident
Code Gray - Tornado
Term
Female screening tests
Definition
Routine: 20: 1-3 yrs; 40: annually
Dental: Every 6 months
BP: 20: each routine at least 2y
BMI: 20: routine
BC: 20: every 5 years
BG: 45: every 3 years
Colorectal: 50: annual FOBT; AND colonoscopy every 1-10 yr or sigmoid e. 5 years or double contrast b. enema every 5
Pap: 21/SA: 1-2y; 30: 1-3 years
Breast: 20: 3 years 40: yearly
Mammogram: 40: yearly
Term
Male screening tests
Definition
Routine: 20: every 5y; 40: yearly
Dental: 6 months
BP: 20: routine-2y
BMI: 20: routine
BC: 20: 5 years
BG: 45: 3 years
Colorectal: same as woman
Testicular: 20: yearly
Prostate antigen/digital rectal: 50
Term
Prevention Levels
Definition
Primary: healthy clients to promote health/prevent disease; immunization programs, child car seat ed, nutrition fitness activities, health ed in school

Secondary: early identification: communicable disease screening/case finding, early detection/treatment of DM, exercise for frail old

Tertiary: prevent long term consequences; prevention of PU, promote independence
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