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Details Title: Art, WWI, Russian Rev Description: art, war, revolt Total Flash Cards: 56 Created: 10/31/2006 06:02:33	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Impressionism Definition Moving away for the realistic portrayal of people and toward a study of light. They studied how light affects object. Paint how the world looks according to their impression- not reality Term Scientific invention that brought on impressionism Definition Opening of pallet; new pigments are made which helps improve experimentation Term Monet Definition always has his signature in a corner. he took the study of light the furthest. You can get different view points from different angles “Impression Sunset” and "Rouen Cathedral" LIGHT Term Rouen Cathedral Definition most famous Monet work; exemplifies that certain light and different atmosphere from certain positions will change the way things appear. Form is not important, nor is line, but color and line is Term 5 most significant Impressionist painters Definition Monet, Pissarro, Renoir, Degas, Cassatt Term Pissarro Definition a casual arrangement of figures and shows the “fugitive affect of movement”; the smaller ideas of movement- almost unrecognizable but slightly blurred. STREET SCENES Term two best works of Pissarro Definition “Le Boulevard Monmarte” (examples both in rain and sun) diffusion of lines “place du theatre francais” shows movement of people walking in the streets Term Renoir Definition He tries to match the unaware moment; the one second that will never be captured again and the effect that that gives. Specialist in human figure and form; movement- looks to what is beautiful and pleasing Term two of renoir's best works Definition “La Moulin de la Galette” “Girl with a watering Can” unadulterated innocence of youth-diffused line as light hits it; floating light, gaiety Term Degas Definition BALLERNIAS, HAZY, MOVEMENT He emphasizes immediate movement, crops people, and always has big empty space Term Famous works of Degas Definition “Interieur”- the painted scene taken from a Zola novel. It is a study of artificial light. He starts out dark, realist, manet-like. “Ballet Rehearsal, Adagio” shows spontaneous and accidental moment in time; could be influenced by the Japanese woodprints and silk paintings “Viscount Lepic and his daughters”: huge open space, half a guy, organized chaos, suggested movement Term Cassatt Definition American artist: women, unsual perspective of women and children, influenced by Japaneese woodprints "The Bath" Term Chapeaux: Definition “Ugolino” very classical sculpturist Term Rodin's “The Burghers of Calais” Definition story of hundred years war; he slowly breaks down their face to show their impermenance. Term Rodin's “Balzac” Definition he distorts his face and the robe; it is scary. He has taken sculpture to an extreme; discontinuity in sculpture Term Post Impressionists Definition using a little bit of the study of light, mixed with the classical quality Term Seurat Definition he divided the entire canvas into squares. Then he decided how POINTILISM, DIVISIONALISM are key. He uses math and science and technique in art. He employs lines; horizontal, vertical, people are cylinders, color gains importance Term Seurat's greatest work Definition “Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grand Jatte” Term Cezanne Definition still life and mountains are keys to focus on. He is fascinated with 3 dimensionality; a study of planes; harsh lines, no smoothness. Term Cezanne's greatest works Definition “Still Life-Onions” “La Montagne Sainte-Victoire” more of a balance between classical and impression. Plane, color, light, nature “Boy in a Red Vest”: harsh diagonals of vest, harsh folds of draperies, contrast between red and white Term Van Gogh: Definition color, overexuberance of movement; he uses color to express emotion and impression rather than reality Term two greatest works of Van Gogh Definition “Starry Night” “The Night Café” isolation and alienation; he uses colors and light to express ideas; the harsh and sickness is displayed through the puke colors. He messes with shape, color and light to make you feel as though you are in the bar with them. Term Gauguin: Definition COLOR; the exuberant use of color; if there is a hint of blue in the water, use the most bright blue, etc. He takes classical themes, uses the indigenous people of French Polynesia in classical poses. Term two greatest works of Ganguin Definition “Day of the God”- polynesian, bright colors “Spirit of the Dead Watching” using Polynesian culture and classical poses like a nude woman lying. Term Toulouse-Latrec Definition he was an outsider; he likes to paint the truth of middle class life. He has realist ideals, but employs impressionist techniques and style. DRUNK, OPIUM, FOLLIES, HARSH PAINTED FACES Term greatest work of Toulouse-Latrec Definition “At the Moulin Rouge”- paints himself as a hunchback dwarf; women have too much makeup, it is dark, ghoulish Term greatest symbolist in art and his two works Definition Edward Munch: “The Scream” 1893 “he looked up and the sky seemed to bleed like nature was screaming at me.” “the Dance of Life” woman in white is virgin, woman in red is flourishing, the woman in black is wrinkly and gross and dying. Term WWI causation Definition End of the imperial scramble: it was a good outlet for nationalistic rivalries- when it ended, they needed to vent Radical nationalism, governments using education system to heal the rifts in society, Term What was Bismarck's concern with England and France? Definition He wanted to make sure Engalnd and France did not get together- he played up imperial rivalries and kept England out of European affairs Term Bismarck's most crucial concern Definition being surrounded by Russia nad France- he wants to keep france isolated and prevent thm from signing an agreement Term What did Bismarck do about fighting over land in the Balkans? Definition Austria-Hungary and Russia want the Balkins (the land the Ottomans once had) both of these nations will fight for the land to expand. Bismarck set up system alliances between Austria-hungary, Russian and Germany. Term Why was Germany frustrated with their national identity? Definition Best army in the world, largest pop behind France, no navy (status symbol), felt left out of great powers Term what was the single most important factor in the beginning of the divide in Europe Definition 1890 Kaiser William II dismisses Bismarck and takes power Term How does the Naval arms race begin? Definition William II builds ships which pisses of England cuz it is their symbol of natoinal pride. Then Great Britian starts building too. England gets pushed out of isolationism Term Result of the Algerciras Conference: (Morrocco) Definition Geramyn gets pissed and sends its army and look at the rest of the world as against them (encirclement or enkreisung); bipolar world, the world fears germany- germany fears the world Term Long and short term causes of the Great War Definition Long: Kaiser's mistakes short: war in the balkans Term Black hand and Gaurilo Princip Definition Black hand is a secret nationalist society who began to agitate for independenced and Princip was a member who killed Ferdinand and his wife Term What caused the Third Balkan War? Definition a localized war between Serbia and Austria based on the asasination Term Shciefflan plan Definition Germany's plan for mobilization. They would cross neutral belgiun, take out france, then take out russia Term What is the official start of the Great war? Definition When Germany invades Belgium. They almost get to Paris but are stopped at the First Battle of Marne Term Western Front Definition Stalemate and trench warfare, 90% mortality rate, got men drunk-brave, battle of attrition, new technology with old tactics Term What was the homefront activities during the war? Definition Civilians were just as important as soliders. civilian targets. substitute goods, price control, propaganda, women work, censorship War Emergency Act- every man had to enlist Term WWI military technology Definition blimps or zuplins going across London. It was not powerful, but it was a first step toward modern air fare Red Baron- Barn Manred von Richtofen= 18 kills first war that uses chemicals: mustard gas, chlorine; gas was unreliable but they worked and were brutal. Tank: used for the first time here Everyone hade to call on colonial troops- this is why it is a total war; Indian soldiers and African troops fight for the motherland Term the treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1917) Definition The Russian Withdrawal (1917): they surrender at this treaty Term When the Americans first entered the war, they were most useful for... Definition money, arms, munitions Term What did the Germans do to prompt the US to go to war? Definition sunk the Lusitantia through submarine warfare. It was a passenger ship but was carrying munitions. We do not allow them to use submarines anymore. they stop but continue to use them in1917 Term Black Day: Definition Massive attack by British and French against German; it is the beginning of the end. 1. French and British troops get to the border of Germany, Term The Big 4 Definition Lloyd George (middle man) Orlando Clemenceau (the tiger who wanted to destroy Germany) Wilson (League of Nations) Term What were the terms of the Treaty of Versaille Definition Guilt clause: germans have to admit to being responsible, try to weaken Germany and establish other states around it Estonia, Lativa Lithuania become independend Poland is independent again, Austria-Hungary is split up, Polish corridor is created to give Poland access to the Baltic. This splits a small area of germany from the rest of Germany. They gave Prussia to the Poles which was the capitol and central olcatoin. Germany can have 14 ships and only 100 man army, no air force Term How does the international power struggle change after WWI? Definition Europe is not looked upon as prestigious and advanced US is a major super power Turkey gives civil rights to women Term Affect of rapid modernization of Russia Definition They had rapid industrialization which created a radical working class. Also, a middle class was created (middle classes always want representative government and electoral reform, radical working class, backward peasants; all of this comes to a head) Term cause of The revolution of 1905: Definition the Russo-Japaneese War: Russia loses badly. Japan bursts on the scene as a power. The result is the revolution (workers riots, alliance between middle and lower class) Term Black Sunday Definition Guard fire on innocent masses. People are outraged and leader creates to duma to appease the masses. Then he ignores it and the Rev. of 1905 is born Term Causes of the Rev of 1917 Definition Russo Japaneese war Alexandra ruling for Nicoholas while he was way Term Lenin: views, actions, followers, partner Definition changes Marxism (instead of egalitarian, he introduces hierarchy to a none hierarchy society“What is to be done?”; a small group of party members Trotsky= partner Bolsheviks= followers Term who said, "at any given moment revlution was determined more by human leadership than by vast historical laws." Definition Lenin