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ARTH 241 Final — Upenn
Final vocabulary
35
Art History
Undergraduate 3
05/09/2010

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Phraseless dance
Definition
Term
auteur
Definition
a filmmaker whose individual style and complete control over all elements of production give a film its personal and unique stamp.
Term
Italian Neo-realism
Definition

a style of film characterized by stories set amongst the poor and working class, filmed on location, frequently using nonprofessional actorsItalian neorealist films mostly contend with the difficult economical and moral conditions of post-World War II Italy, reflecting the changes in the Italian psyche and the conditions of everyday life: poverty and desperation.

 

Example: Frederico Fellini's "La Dolce Vita" 1960

 

Term
Spaghetti Western
Definition

a nickname for a broad sub-genre of Western film that emerged in the mid-1960s, so named because most were produced and directed by Italians, usually in co-production with a Spanish partner.

 

Example of Director: Sergio Leone

Example of movie: The good , The bad, and The ugly, Sergio Leone, 1966

Term
Blaxploitation
Definition
a film genre that emerged in the United States in the early 1970s when many exploitation films were made that targeted an audience of urban black people; the word itself is a portmanteau of the words "black" and "exploitation." Blaxploitation films were the first to feature soundtracks of funk and soul music. These films starred primarily black actors. tend to take place in the ghetto, dealing with hit men, drug dealers and pimps.


Example: Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song, Melvin Van Peebles, 1976
Term
Site-specific art
Definition

Refers to a work of art designed specifically for a particular location and that has an interrelationship with the location. If removed from the location it would lose all or a substantial part of its meaning. Site-specific is often used of installation works, as in site-specific installation, and Land art is site-specific almost by definition. 

 

Example: Richard Serra, "Tilted Arc", 1980

Term
Process art
Definition

Term applied to art in which the process of its making is not hidden but remains a prominent aspect of the completed work so that a part or even the whole of its subject is the making of the work. Process became a widespread preoccupation of artists in the late 1960s and the 1970s, but like so much else can be tracked back to the Abstract Expressionist paintings of Jackson Pollock.

 

Example: 

Term
Environmental Art
Definition

From about the late 1960s the term Environmental Art became applied specifically to art ¿ often but not necessarily in the form of Installation ¿ that addressed social and political issues relating to the natural and urban environment. Example: Robert Smithson, 

Spiral Jetty, 1970, 1970

Term
Mexican Muralism
Definition
Term describing the revival of large-scale mural painting in Mexico in the 1920s and 1930s. The three principal artists were José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera, and David Alfaro Siqueiros.  All three were committed to left-wing ideas in the politically turbulent Mexico of the period and their painting reflects this.  Their use of large-scale mural painting in or on public buildings was intended to convey social and political messages to the public. In order to make their work as accessible as possible they all worked in basically realist styles but with distinctively personal differences 
Term

 

“My God, my God, why hast Thou forsaken me?” – Matthew 27:45-46

 

Definition
Outcry by Jesus on the cross, also the subtitle to Barnett Newman's cycle of modernist paintings, "Stations of the Cross".
Term
aesthetics of disgust
Definition
Idea formulated by Michelle Meagher in her article "Jenny Saville and a Feminist Aesthetics of Disgust"; Disgust as something fundamental (physically, socially, subjectively) to humans, and an affect that forces us to confront our bodily existence; As can be seen in Saville's paintings that allows one to feel and examine our reaction of disgust.
Term
abjection
Definition
Term
trade cloth
Definition
Term
nude vs. naked
Definition
Term
cyborg
Definition

 an organism that has both artificial and natural systems (half-human, half-machine), often associated with science fiction. However, many artists have tried to create public awareness of cybernetic organisms; these can range from paintings to installations. 

 

Term

Order of the British Empire, motto “For 

God and Empire”

Definition

an order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by George V of the United Kingdom. The Order includes five classes in civil and military divisions; the most junior of the British orders of chivalry, and the largest; one member is Yinka Shonibare

 

Term

Young British Artists

Definition
Yink Shonibare, Chris Ofili
Term

National Museum of the American 

Indian

Definition
 a museum dedicated to the life, languages, literature, history, and arts of the native peoples of the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1989 through an Act of Congress. Operating under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution; 
Term
essentialism
Definition

applied to statements and images that conveyed overly generalized or stereotyped notions of identity; often used negatively, often to resist a claim made about you by someone claiming to speak on your behalf.

 

Term

 

hybridity

 

Definition
a state of being, arrived at through the innovative mixing and borrowing of ideas, languages and modes of practice 
Term
Rasquachismo / Domesticana 
Definition

a visual and verbal style associated w/ Chicano and Mexican working class. It is a defiant, ironic, excessive aesthetic that affirms Mexican identity and resists assimilation into a dominant culture w/in the U.S.

 

Example: Gomez-Peña, "Couple in Cage"

Term
Border art
Definition

art that blend ideas from cultures in close proximity

 

Example: Guillermo Gómez-Peña, "Couple in a Cage"

 

 

Term
The Other
Definition
Term
post-identity
Definition
Artists born after the political struggles of the 60s-80s, want to move beyond identity labels and make art about a wide variety of themes; they express little interest to be spokespersons for a racial, gender, or ethnic identity.
Term
post-black / post-feminist
Definition
black or female artists that don't want to be identified as black / feminist artists; embracing multiple histories and influences, and reinventing identities for the 21st century
Term
sign / signifier
Definition
Term
structuralism
Definition
started in 60s in France; based on a strategy for analyzing cultural conditions in terms of and underlying, structural framework; assumed a neutral stance in their analyzes
Term

post-structuralism

 

Definition
analyzed language and other sign systems as part of the broader power structures of society; claimed to uncover how humans are at mercy of the systems that create and disseminate the texts and images that surround us regularly in our everyday life; individual subjectivity is a myth;
Term
authorship
Definition
Term
death of the author / the birth of the reader
Definition

"D.O.A" an essay by Roland Barthes; an example of the challenge to individual self-determination and self-expression; there is no single, unchanging meaning for any text, the originator to the txt is not the ultimate authority for its meaning; "a text's unity lies not in its origins," or its creator, "but in its destination," or its audience; Readers must separate a literary work from its creator in order to liberate it from interpretive tyranny 

 

 

 

 

 

Term
Math art
Definition
Term
Digital Art / Cyberart
Definition
refers to the class of art produced with the help of computer software and hardware; often with an interactive or multimedia aspect. It can also refer to art produced through a process, any one of whose steps was influenced by such software or hardware.
Term
Transgenic / Bio Art
Definition
an art practice in which the medium is living matter and the works of art are produced in laboratories and/or artists’ studios. The tool is biotechnology, which includes such technologies as genetic engineering, tissue culture and cloning. 
Term
Contact Improvisation Dance
Definition
a dance technique in which points of physical contact provide the starting point for exploration through movement improvisation
Term
chance methods
Definition

 

deciding the next step / movement of a dance phrase by for example rolling a dice; created by Merce Cunningham

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