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art history final
haha
35
Art History
Undergraduate 2
04/30/2014

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Last Judgement, Church of St. Faith, France, Romanesque

  • St. Faith refused to side with the roman pagans.
  • It shows heaven and hell
Term
[image]
Definition

Reliquary Statue of St. Faith, Church of St. Faith, France, Roanesque

  • Reliquary= containers for bodies of saints and things associated with the holy family or saints.
  • Additions are added over time (crown, gems, etc...)
  • Example of holy robbery
  • Monks stole it from one church and brought it to theirs and argued that st. faith told them to.
  • Nearly life size
  • Shows the triumph of christianity over paganism
Term
[image]
Definition

Cathedral Complex, Pisa, Italy, Roanesque

  • Contains the leaning tower of Pisa(A bell tower)- This began to tilt while under construction and was left that way.
  • Dedicated to the Virgin Mary
  • Richly decorated with marble unlike early christian basilicas.
  • Reuse of the classical theme of colonnade is a characteristic of Tuscan Art. (Cylindrical tower with marble columns)
Term
[image]
Definition

Last Judgement, Cathedral of St. Lazarus, France, Romanesque

  • Built to house the relics of Saint-Lazarus.
  • Later became a cathedral.
  • Portrays the last judgement (Jesus is judging the humans)
  • Damned on 1 side, saved on the other
  • "Gislebertus made this" Maybe his signature of the artist.
  • Contains Mary and St. Peter
  • weighing of the soul
  • demons are tying to cheat
Term
[image]
Definition

Crucifix (Version of the Italian Volto Santo, Spain Romanesque

  • Remake of "The Holy Face Crucifix"
  • His robe is a reference to the holy face crucifix.
  • Eastern robe
  • "The Holy Face Crucifix" was said to be the first crucifix.
  • This is an example ofhow the stories circulate throughout Europe.
  • Clothes=Islamic
Term

[image]

 

Definition

Messengers Signal the Appearance of Halley's Comet, Bayeux Embroidery, Norman, Romanesque

  • Was a document that justified the  1066 conquest of England by William the Conqueror(Duke of Normandy).
  • Halley's comet symbolizes the start of his conquest on Harold (The King of England) and the English.
  • Enhanced a noble's status and were in castles and palaces.
  • William becomes the king of England.
  • Comet=bad omen
Term
[image]
Definition

Harold's Oath, Bayeux Embroidery, Norman, Romanesque

  • William the Conqueror beats Harold
  • Shows the sacred oath that Harold made and broke
  • arrows in eye= dead
Term

[image]

Definition

Interior, Saint-Denis,France Gothic

 

  • St. Denise= Patron St. of France and First Bishop of Paris
  • First Gothic Building
  • Sujay's dream was to modernize the Church to bigger and better fit the French
  • He had to make a plea to the king to get it built
  • Sujya read about the power of light in "The Letter of Dianises(St. Denise)"- he decided to install stain glass windows for light- this stuck around today in christian architecture
  • He changed the shape of the windows to pointed from round.
  • He added decorations around the exterior
  • Pointed= larger interior spaces
  • Housed the tombs of kings and relics of St. Denise.
  • Notice the effects of the light with stain glass windows
Term
[image]
Definition

Chartres CAthedral (facade), France, Gothic

  • Dominates the city scale
  • Dedicated to the Virgin Mary
  • Primary relic is the blouse Mary wore when she gave birth to Jesus.This relic weny on an art exhibition to help pay for the consruction.
  • Roof is copper (that's why it is green)
  • Fully gothic (many were only partially gothic because not enough funding.
  • symbolic domninance of Christianity= Located over an old religious structure
  • Labyrinth on the ground to symbolize Jerusalem Journey
  • Nave= Central Walkway to alter
  • Apse= Behind alter
Term
[image]
Definition

Rose Window and Lancets, Chartres Cathedral

  • Large scale single figures that could be seen at a distance because of their size, bold drawing, and strong color. 
  • Was a gift from King Louis IX.
  • Rose medallian window
  • Lancet= Skinny windows on bottom
  • Combines new and old testament pictures
  • dedicated to mary
  • Random 6 windows show the donations
Term
[image]
Definition

Interior, Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, Gothic

  • Commissioned by Louis the 9th
  • Housed his collection of relics
  • Very Gothic
  • Relics cost 3 times as much as the building
Term

[image]

Definition

Holofernes' Army Crossing the Euphrates River, Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, Gothic

  • Some windows were taken down for more light. This was one of them.
  • William Powell bought it and was considered the first American to concentrate on medieval art.
Term
[image]
Definition

Cimabue, Virgin and Child Enthroned, Italian

  • Perhaps for the main altar of the Church of Santa Trinitia n Florence
  • Angels around the virgin
  • Hebrew bible Prophets below her
  • Byzantine/greek Influence= gold background, linearity, and flat
  • Hand gestures= traditional style
  • Thought Naturalism was a distraction from the message.
Term
[image]
Definition

Giotto, Virgin and Child Enthroned, Italian

  • This is a reproduction made 25 years later by Gotto
  • Gotto is Ciabue's Pupil
  • Less crowded
  • More realistic/naturalistic- growing idea of naturalism in paintings (trying to make it 3D)
  • Uses color instead of lines to show folds
  • More human positions (don't need to tilt head/point)
  • The idea of humanism is coming back
  • More illusionistic
  • Strong contrasting colors = 3D
Term

 

[image]

Definition

Giotto, Lamenation, from the Arena shChapel, Italian

  • shows his pallet and mastery of composition and expressions for grief
  • Shows many different expressions for grief
  • Shows how modern Giotto is
  • penance for a banking family (they charged people so much money ) and wanted public forgiveness
  • dead tree= symbolizes dead christ
Term
[image]
Definition

Ivory Chest with Scenes from Courtly Romances, French

  • Holds women's stuff
  • Holds stuff like combs
  • Has romantic scenes on it
  • loose hair= bad morals
  • Dog=fidelity
  • Tristian and Eisel Story
Term
[image]
Definition

Virgin and Child, French

  • An inscription the the bottom states it's a donation to the abbey church of Saint Denise
  • The donor's name is Queen Jeanne d'Evreux
  • weight shift on legs = greek influence
  • precious object
  • could have only come from the royal court
  • symbolizes the King's Wealth
  • Came from the treasurey of St. Denise
Term
[image]
Definition

Pieta, German

  • expressionistic
  • made out of wood
  • meant to be dramatic
  • Christ's wounds look like bubonic plague infections
  • Shows the lamentation
  • Not from a court- you can tell because it's made of wood
  • Porbably from a generic church
Term
[image]
Definition

Ritual Vessel, Shang Dynasty, bronze

  • Probably for wine
  • feline figure
  • Called "guang"
  • lion/owl hybrid
  • placed in tombs of nobility
  • indicates status of owner
  • bronze
Term
[image]
Definition

Teracotta Soldiers from the Mausoleum of Emperor Shihuangdi

  • armry to protect the emperor Shihuangdi (The Ruthless Emperor who turned the states into an Empire, Qin Dynasty)
  • made unique faces (probably not actual protraits)
  • Originally held bronze weapons
  • 8000
  • Emperor became a maniac
  • People rebelled aginst him and used the terakata weapons to take his son out of power
Term
[image]
Definition

Painted Banner for Lady Dai, Han Dynasty

  • T shaped cross
  • Illustrates Han Cosmology
  • Lady Dai "The Horse King Mounted" contained 1400 objects with her body wrapped in textiles
  • Depicts heaven, earth, and the underworld

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Standing Buddha, Bamiyan, Afganistan

  • image of the largest Buddah Sculpture ever made
  • Face, arm, legs were built in other materials (that's why its missing)
  • Missing today
  • Destroyed in 2001 by the Taliban
  • A world heritage sight
  • There werent Buddhists in Afganistan
Term

Film: The Immortal Emperor:Shihuangi

Definition
Term
[image]
Definition

Burial Chamber, Igbo-Ukwu, Igbo culture, Nigeria

  • A powerful local leader
  • His tomb contained overlook beads
  • Beads= crown jewels
  • Elephants= royal power
  • Lepards= Royal Power
  • Staff-detailed images of birds, bronze
  • Bronze was money, reflected status
Term
[image]
Definition

Roped Pot, Igbo-Ukwu, Igbo culture, Nigeria, bronze

  • all done in bronze
  • jingle bells at top
  • image is a fake
  • plated in wax
  • used in ritual ceromony
  • Many copies of this were made
  • this picture is original i think or maybe not
  • sacrificial object committed to royalty
Term
[image]
Definition

Crowned Head of Queen, Ife, Yoruba culture, Nigeria, brass

  • tradition of sculpting life like heads
  • Used lost-wax process
  • Purpose is unkown but probably cast on a manican at her funeral
  • resembles modern Yorubas wiht its big lips
  • Verticle striations are called scarification (purpose for these is unknown.
Term
[image]
Definition

Ritual Vessel, Ife, Yoruba culture, Nigeria, bronze

  • Found in igbu Ukwu's Burial Chamber (a royal ceromonial site between 2 altars)
  • Was broken before it was burried as a ritual so the liquids would pour into the earth
  • used as a funnel
Term
[image]
Definition

Royal Altar, Bernin, Edo Culture

  • Made of bronze to reflect status
  • Elephants= strength
  • Bronze heads= kings

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Hip Mask for a Queen Mother, Benin, Edo Culture, Nigeria, brass

  • Coral= ultimate symbol of authority/power
  • Only the Oba (ruler) could commission art in brass.
  • The Oba wore this around his waist on his belt
  • It is his mom
  • Necklace= Portuguese soldiers
  • He gave credit to conquering his enemies to his mother's advice
  • Portuguese are emissaries of Okuon and therefore came form the sea.
Term
[image]
Definition

Plaque with Warriors, Benin, Edo Culture, Nigeria, Brass

  • War Chief is bigger than everyone else and in the center
  • He's holding the Eban sword
  • Decorated the Oba  (king)
  • Raises sword in honor of the king
Term
[image]
Definition

Horseman, Jenne, Mali, ceramic

  • 2 feet tall
  • fired in piles of brush
  • He may be a gaurdian figure or hero, or even a defied ancestor
  • Thousands of these in existence
  • 99% of known ones have been looted
  • not sure of their original purpose
  • exagerated proportions of man in horse= man own horse
Term
[image]
Definition

Great Mosque, Jenne, Mali, adobe

  • Compared to persian architecture
  • Largest adobe building in the world
  • Islamic
  • Ostrich eggs= fertility and purity
  • Picture is a reconstruction done in the 13th century
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