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Art History 151 Midterm
West African Mosque Architecture
23
Art History
Undergraduate 2
03/11/2008

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Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Great Mosque, Djenne, Mali, current plan 1909 [Prussin p. 185; 190]

 

Hypostyle Mosque

-earthen construction, high level of maitnence.

-Communal aspects (everyone spends one day each year making repairs to the mosque)

-Wooden posts reduce stress on the mud structure.

-Openings are small for support of the structure. 

Term
Islam
Definition

Belief in Allah and the Prophet Muhummad 

Religion in the Central Sudan area:

(Mali Kingdom, Ancient Ghana, Timbuktu, city-state of Kano)

-Closly associated with commerce in western Sudan 

-Islamic art and architecture helped in the spread of the religion. 

Term
Allah
Definition
God
Term
Muhummad
Definition

"Messanger of God" or Al-Amin

Prophet 

 

recieves divine revalations from Arch-angel Gabriel. (These revelations eventually are documented in the Koran)  

Term
Qu'ran (Koran)
Definition

The Book of Islam

 

The revelations of Allah as they were revealed to Muhummad by Arch-Angel Gabriel 

Term
Mecca
Definition
Islamic Holy City
Term
Ka'ba
Definition

Kabba

 

Structure at/in Mecca

 

??? 

Term
mosque (masjid)
Definition

Islamic Structure for congregational worship

Fridays 

-usually made out of mud in the Western Sudan 

 

masjid-  "place of prostration"

Term
four-iwan mosque
Definition
large halls with wide, arched entrances
Term
hypostle mosque
Definition

multi-colomned hall

 

(Great Mosque, Mali) 

Term
central dome mosque
Definition
Term
qibla wall
Definition
Term
mihrab
Definition
Term
minaret
Definition

Tall-Spike-like structures around a mosque.

 

-Traditionally prayer callers would call the prayers from atop the minarets in order to further amplify their voices. 

 

-"creates a sense of verticality and serves as a visual beacon for a mosque" 

Term
muezzin
Definition
imam, or prayer leader for the Islamic faithe in Western Sudan
Term
minbar
Definition
Term
imam
Definition
Islamic Prayer leader, Nigeria
Term
adhan
Definition
Term
sahn
Definition

courtyard area surrounding a mosque

 

-Ritual ablutions: Everyone must clean themselves before entering the mosque. Also, no shoes in the mosque.

Term
adobe
Definition
Term
bari
Definition
Term
prayer rug
Definition

used in the Islamic faith for the five daily prayers

 

knelt upon 

Term
earthen pillars
Definition
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