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Art exam 4
Note cards art exam 4
49
Art History
Undergraduate 1
11/09/2010

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Term
Which pharaoh introduced monotheism to the Egyptians?
Definition
Pharaoh Akhenaton
Term
What has Queen Nefertiti's portrait bust come to symbolize?
Definition
It symbolizes that feminine beauty transcends time.
Term
Which pharaoh was the son-in-law of Akhenaton?
Definition
King tut
Term
Which pharaoh demanded a more colossal, formal style of Egyptian Sculpture?
Definition
Ramses
Term
What characteristics united the very different greek city-states?
Definition
Culture, common language and religion, sophisticated literature and art, love of athletics
Term
Where did the immortal gods of Greek mythology live?
Definition
Mount olympus
Term
What was the classical age in greek history?
Definition
Took place during 4th and 5th century, all of the arts flourished, greeks enjoyed plays of dramatists.
Term
What is considered the most important building in the Acropolis complex?
Definition
Parthenon
Term
How do Greek statues differ in style from those of previous cultures?
Definition
The statues represent the ideal beauty of the human form - youth, strength, grace
Term
What is stoicism?
Definition
The greek ideal of dignity and self-control
Term
What is considered the most beautiful domed monument of ancient times?
Definition
Pantheon
Term
What is a mosaic?
Definition
Romain paintings in stone
Term
Why does thew moslem faith forbid the visual representation of Allah?
Definition
They believe that the act of creation should be reserved for Allah Alone.
Term
Who was pope Gregory the Great, and why is he important?
Definition
He was the one who settled the debate about whether 2d pictures like paintings and mosaics should be allowed in chruches, he approved of the paintings and mosaics not for their beauty but for their instructional value.
Term
How did roman\greek art influence early Christian art?
Definition
They used the style of the romans and greeks int heir art
Term
What early christian art was created in monasteries?
Definition
Decorated manuscripts
Term
What is pre-columbian art?
Definition
The art and culture of the Americas before European contact
Term
What were the purposes of Mayan Pyramids?
Definition
They were part of a plan, surrounded by huge open spaces, where peasants would come witness religious rites performed by priests and rulers
Term
What is a mihrab?
Definition
NIche
Term
What is nirvana according to buddhism?
Definition
A state of endless bliss
Term
What is karma according to hinduism?
Definition
The concept of karma determines ones fate: the deeds of one lifetime influence ones status in another.
Term
Where is the Phrophet Jeremiah carved, in Saint pierre, Moissac, France?
Definition
Into the Trumeau
Term
What are the nave and the transsept in a middle ages christian chruch
Definition
Nave is a long rectangular room and a transept is a shorter rectangular room
Term
Who recognized the artist Giotto's genius in a poem?
Definition
Dante Alighieri
Term
Who were the Medici family?
Definition
International leaders in banking, as well as great patrons of the arts
Term
Who was Lorenzo Ghiberti?
Definition
He was the one who won the competition and was chosen to design the bronze doors of the city's baptistery
Term
What inspired Brunelleschi's dome of Florence Cathedral?
Definition
He lost int he competition to Lorenzo Ghiberti for the design of the bronze doors
Term
What is a renaissance man?
Definition
A man who has broad intellectual interests and is accomplished in areas of both the arts and the sciences
Term
What was the causes of the dark colors on the sistine Chapels ceiling?
Definition
The cause was a result of animal glues used in varnishes by past restorers
Term
What is a tondo?
Definition
A circular format
Term
How did titian use color?
Definition
He used color to make his art full of energy, using thick layers of paint to build up for added richness.
Term
What were the artistic goals of the renaissance?
Definition
Naturalism, Religion
Term
What is the main stylistic difference between the Italian and northern renaissance?
Definition
The Italians were pursuing naturalism with the technique of sfumato light, while northerners used detail upon detail to carefully recreate nature
Term
Which german artist was called "leonardo of the north"
Definition
Albrect Durer
Term
What is iconoclasm
Definition
The destruction of religious imagery
Term
What was the highest goal of mannerist art?
Definition
Elegance
Term
Be familiar with tintorettos last supper
Definition
Full of energy, opposing motions, swirling lines
Term
What was El Greco's initial training.
Definition
He had been trained as an apprentice to make icons, or religious images in the centuries old Byzantine style
Term
Why were Caravaggios paintings considered controversial?
Definition
People felt that his artwork did not serve to promote catholic faith
Term
Why did Artemisia often portray strong women?
Definition
She was easily able to find models and to study female anatomy in great detail, and it would have been considered improper for her to study the nude male figure
Term
What was the focus of Baroque art?
Definition
Religion
Term
Who was the primary patron for Velazquez?
Definition
King Phillip IV
Term
Why is the viewpoint of Las Meninas unusual?
Definition
It gives us the same viewpoint as the king and queen
Term
What does the term Rubenesque mean?
Definition
Pudgy, overweight, not slim
Term
What is alla prima painting?
Definition
Rapid spontaneous marks at a great speed
Term
Be familiar with rembrandt's Sortie of Captain banning Cocq's company of the civic guard.
Definition
Painting of eighteen men, didnt show everyone equally even though they all paid one hundred guilders for a traditional portrait
Term
What are the Doctrines of French Baroque Classicism?
Definition
1. Reject Naturalism
2. Highest aim of a work of art is to represent noble and serious thoughts
3. An artist should make images with logic and order
4. True art should depict great themes and raise viewers up by appealing to their reason, not their base emotions
Term
Who was known as the sun king?
Definition
Louis XIV
Term
What are the characteristics of Rococo Art?
Definition
Peaceful, characters are distant, lighting is soft and gentle, not energetic
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