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Art 100 Quiz 1
Vocabulary
48
Art History
Undergraduate 1
11/03/2016

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Term
Burin
Definition
A pointed tool used for engraving or incising.
Term
Henge
Definition
An arrangement of megalithic stone in a circle, often surrounded by a ditch.
Term
Incise
Definition
To cut into a surface with a sharp instrument, especially to decorate metal or pottery.
Term
Lintel/Post and Lintel System
Definition
Horizontal beam that spans an opening. A system of architecture utilizing vertical supports and horizontal beams.
Term
Mesolithic
Definition
The "middle" Stone Age.
Term
Neolithic
Definition
The "new" Stone Age.
Term
Paleolithic
Definition
The "old" Stone Age.
Term
Palette
Definition
A surface used to mix colors.
Term
Prehistoric
Definition
Of or relating to the time or a period prior to recorded history.
Term
Twisted Perspective/Composite View
Definition
Also called composite view; the depiction of an object where it is shown in profile while another part of the same figure is shown frontally.
Term
Cuneiform
Definition
Mesopotamian wedge-shaped writing
Term
Ground Line
Definition
In paintings and reliefs, a painted or carved baseline on which figures appear to stand.
Term
Hierarchy of Scale
Definition
An artistic convention in which greater size indicates greater importance.
Term
Lamasssu
Definition
Assyrian hybrid guardian figure (winged bull with a man's head)
Term
Stele
Definition
A carved stone slab used to mark graves or to commemorate historical events.
Term
Ziggurat
Definition
Monumental platform for a Mesopotamian temple.
Term
Ben-Ben
Definition
A pyramidal stone; an emblem of the Egyptian god Re.
Term
Canon
Definition
A rule made up of proportions to depict the human figure.
Term
Ka
Definition
In ancient Egypt, the immortal human life force.
Term
Mastaba
Definition
An ancient Egyptian rectangular brick or stone structure with sloping sides erected over a subterranean tomb chamber connected with the outside by a shaft.
Term
Sphinx
Definition
Egyptian hybrid guardian figure (man + lion)
Term
Archaic
Definition
The artistic style of the 600-480 BCE in Greece.
Term
Black-Figure Painting
Definition
In early Greek pottery, the silhouetting of dark figures against a light background of natural, reddish clay, with linear details incised through the silhouettes.
Term
Capital
Definition
The uppermost member of a column.
Term
Caryatid
Definition
Female figure that functions as a supporting column.
Term
Cella
Definition
The room in an ancient temple where the cult statue was kept.
Term
Colonnade
Definition
A series or row of columns, usually spanned by lintels.
Term
Contrapposto
Definition
Term for weight shift visible in a figure.
Term
Corinthian Order
Definition
A Greek architectural system with a more ornate capital form than the Doric or Ionic; it consists of a double row of acanthus leaves from which tendrils and flowers grow, wrapped around a bell-shaped echinus.
Term
Doric Order
Definition
An architectural system invented in ancient Greece for articulating the elevation of a classical building. It is the most simple of the orders.
Term
Foreshortening
Definition
The depiction of an object that extends back in space at an angle.
Term
Fresco
Definition
A painting technique where pigment is combined with fresh wet plaster.
Term
Hellenistic
Definition
The term given to the art and culture of the roughly three centuries between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE and the death of Queen Cleopatra in 30 BCE, when Egypt became a Roman province.
Term
Ionic
Definition
An ancient Greek architectural system in which the capital of the column is decorated with volutes (scrolls).
Term
Kore
Definition
Archaic Greek statue of a young woman.
Term
Kouros
Definition
Archaic Greek statue of a young man.
Term
Pediment
Definition
Triangular space at the end of a building formed by its sloping roof.
Term
Red-Figure Painting
Definition
In later Greek pottery, the silhouetting of red figures against a black background, with painted linear details; the reverse of black-figure painting.
Term
Register/Frieze
Definition
Any sculpted or painted band.
Term
Temple
Definition
A structure or place dedicated to the service or worship of a deity or deities.
Term
Atmospheric Perspective
Definition
A method of presenting an illusion of the three-dimensional world on a two-dimensional surface by decreasing the intensity of color and the blurring of contours of objects that appear to be more distant from the viewer.
Term
Composite Order
Definition
A Roman architectural order which combines the esthetics of the Greek Ionic and Corinthian orders. The capital of the columns has both acanthus leaves and volutes (scrolls) on it.
Term
Etruscans
Definition
People that dominated central Italy before the Romans.
Term
Spolia
Definition
Repurposed building stone for new construction, or decorative sculpture reused in new monuments.
Term
Tuscan Order
Definition
The Etruscan architectural order. Similar to the Greek Doric order but the column is made of wood, is unfluted, and has a base.
Term
Veristic
Definition
True to natural appearance; super-realistic.
Term
Engaged column
Definition
Columns that are attached to the wall.
Term
Triumphal arch
Definition
Roman. A freestanding arch which commemorates an important event, such as a military victory or the opening of a new road.
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