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APWH Chapter 39
The Modern World (1914 to present)
86
History
10th Grade
04/13/2010

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Cards

Term
What did nationalism mean in the former colonies of Asia and Africa?
Definition
Self-determination, not expansion into an empire
Term
What was this like?
Definition
Western Europe and Japan
Term
What would come before security in many nations?
Definition
Freedom
Term
Who was the Hindu who used civil disobedience to get Britain to leave India in 1947?
Definition
Mohandas Gandhi
Term
Who was the Hindu who used civil disobedience to get Britain to leave India in 1947?
Definition
Mohandas Gandhi
Term
What was the promotion of religious identity over national identity?
Definition
Communalism
Term
What would it prevent from happening?
Definition
Gandhi's dream of a United India
Term
What was the newly created (1947) Muslim country in Western India?
Definition
Pakistan
Term
What country would remain HIndu?
Definition
India
Term
What was the decision in which countries did not align with either the U.S. or the Soviet Union
Definition
the "Third Path"
Term
Who was the communist who defeated the French in 1954?
Definition
Ho chi minh
Term
Where did he defeat them?
Definition
Dienmienphu
Term
What did he want?
Definition
an independent, united Vietnam
Term
In 1976 who becomes a united, communist nation?
Definition
Vietnam
Term
What was usually called the Middle East?
Definition
Southwest Asia
Term
What was the only Middle Eastern Nation remaining under imperial rule after WWII?
Definition
Palestine
Term
Who ruled it?
Definition
Britain
Term
What was the Balfour Doctrine of 1917?
Definition
Britain commits to creating a Jewish state in Palistine
Term
What did the promise to protect?
Definition
The rights of Arabs still living there
Term
What were the communal farms Jews begin creating in Palestine as more of them immigrate there?
Definition
Kibutzim
Term
Why did Britain turn the problem over to the US?
Definition
They could not handle with Jewish/Arab conflict
Term
What is created on May 1948?
Definition
Modern nation of Israel
Term
With support from what two countries?
Definition
United States
Soviet Union
Term
What 5 countries immediately attack Israel?
Definition
Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq
Term
What is the result?
Definition
Israel defeats them all and gains more land
Term
Who became refugees?
Definition
Many Palestinian Arabs
Term
Who was the leader of Egypt?
Definition
Nasser
Term
What did he fail to gain control of?
Definition
The Suez Canal from Britain
Term
What still cause problems today?
Definition
Oil and the U.S. backing of Israel
Term
Where did more than 2 million French own land and lived there in the 1950's?
Definition
Algeria
Term
How did the Algerian leader support them?
Definition
He used violence against the French
Term
What happened from 1954 to 1962?
Definition
They fought a bloody war
Term
What was the celebration of Africa's poets, writers, traditions, and cultures?
Definition
Negritude movement
Term
Why was decolonization slowed?
Definition
Whites claimed blacks wanted communism in Africa
Term
What was the first independent Sub-Saharan nation?
Definition
Ghana
Term
Who was the leader?
Definition
Kwane Nkrumah
Term
Where did the British move black farmers?
Definition
Kenya
Term
What did they call them?
Definition
"tribal reserves"
Term
Who were the black subversives who began killing white settlers?
Definition
Mau Mau
Term
How did Britain respond?
Definition
Artillery and bombers
Term
Who was the leader of Kenya who negotiated it's independence in 1963?
Definition
Jomo Kenyatta
Term
Much of Asia (except India and Japan) developed either of what two ways after 1945?
Definition
Military, authoritarian rule
Term
What was the Great Leap Forward?
Definition
Mao's decision in China to push for industry and communal agriculture
Term
What was the result?
Definition
It failed badly
Term
What was Mao's attempt to further communist rule?
Definition
Cultural Revolution
Term
What was the result?
Definition
7 million Chinese intellectuals were killed
Term
Who was Mao's successor?
Definition
Deng Xiaping
Term
What did he do?
Definition
Opened China's relations to the west
Term
What did he do with the students?
Definition
He sent them to foreign universities to learn
Term
Where did students wanting democracy began protests?
Definition
Tianunmen Square
Term
What was the result?
Definition
Deng quickly and violently crushed the protest
Term
What country remains politically stable and democratic?
Definition
India
Term
What are three problems still there in India?
Definition
Assassinations of leaders
Overpopulation
Religious tolerance
Term
The Arab-Israeli Conflict (116-1117)
Definition
Term
Arabs became linked toward Israel through what?
Definition
Islam and Arab nationalism
Term
Why has Pan-Arab unity not occurred?
Definition
Because of jealous and religious divisions (Shia and Sunni)
Term
Israel would defeat Egypt and Syria in what two wars?
Definition
Arab-Israeli (1967)
Yom Kippur (1973)
Term
What is the result?
Definition
Peace between Israel and Egypt
Term
Who was the Egyptian leader killed by his own people?
Definition
Anwar Sadat
Term
Why did they kill him?
Definition
For making peace with Israel
Term
PLO is headed by Yasser Ararat, and did what?
Definition
Government in exile for Palestinians that had been moved out of Israel
Term
What was the desire to reassert Islamic values in Muslim politics?
Definition
Islamism
Term
Many Muslims are skeptical about what?
Definition
US societies
Term
Most see it as what?
Definition
A peaceful process
Term
What was the violent struggle to protect Islam?
Definition
Jihad
Term
Terrorists use it to do what two things?
Definition
Rationalize and legitimize their actions
Term
Iran and Iraq (1117-1118)
Definition
Term
What country still identifies itself as a Persian nation?
Definition
Iran
Term
Who was the Iranian leader supported by the US?
Definition
Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi
Term
Islamists hated what about him?
Definition
His secular, western lifestyle, and repressive tactics
Term
Who was the Islamist who assumes power and leads the Iranian Revolution?
Definition
Ayatollah Khomenini
Term
What did Shia militants under his rule do?
Definition
Held 55 American hostages for 444 days
Term
Who took over all US bases and businesses?
Definition
Iran
Term
What was the Iran-Iraq war?
Definition
Iraq's Saddam Hussein (Arab) invades Iran and millions in both countries die
Term
What was the Gulf War? (1991)
Definition
Iraq invades Kuwait but is driven back by UN forces
Term
What happens on September 11, 2001?
Definition
An Islamic terrorist group called al-Queda bombs the World Trade Center
Term
In 2003 what does the US do?
Definition
Invades Iraq as part of George W. Bush's expansion of the "War on terror"
Term
Politics and Economics in Latin America
Definition
Term
After WWII Latin America viewed the US as what two things?
Definition
Negative
Interfering
Term
Why do peasants in Mexico still suffer?
Definition
Lazaro Cardenas' land reform was not substained
Term
Who was the popular leader in Argentina after WWII?
Definition
Juan Peron
Term
Nationalistic populism called for what three things?
Definition
Industrialization
Support of the working class
Freedom from foreign control
Term
What was the "dirty war?"
Definition
When Military rulers after Peron used Nationalistic populism to control subversives
Term
What four things still cause problems in Latin America?
Definition
US cold air intervention
Fears of communism
Brutality
Corrupt governments
Term
What was an attempt to unite Roman Catholics with Marxists to combat the misery?
Definition
Liberation theology
Term
Who was the Marxist leader of Venezuela who hates the United States?
Definition
Hugo Chavez
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