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APUSH Unit 8
Progressive Reforms and the Great War
86
History
11th Grade
01/26/2009

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Cards

Term
Yellow Press
Definition
Hearst and Pulitzer helped the overseas involvment movement. They used yellow journalism to attract young men to look into foreign exploits by describing the overseas adventures as manly and "dashing"
Term
Joseph Pulitzer
Definition
Wrote articles describing the overseas involvement as manly and dashing. Through his yellow journalism he attracted the public's attention.
Term
William Randolph Hearst
Definition
Wrote articles describing the overseas involvement as manly and dashing. Through his yellow journalism he attracted the public's attention. Sent Remington to Cuba to sketch war scenes.
Term
Rev. Josiah Strong
Definition
Wrote "Our Country: It's Possible Future and its Present Crisis." The book described oversea nations as a place for new souls to be harvested. Strong believed in Anglo-Saxon superiority and encouraged Americans to spread their values and religion to overseas "backwards" people
Term
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Definition
Wrote "The Influence of Sea Power upon History" He argued that control of the sea was the key to world dominance. He stimulated the naval race around the world. Many Americans joined in and called for an American-built isthmian canal between the Atlantic and Pacific
Term
Monroe Doctrine
Definition
Cleveland argued that under the Monroe Doctrine, Britain was to stay away from Venezuela.
Term
Queen Liliuokalani
Definition
When the McKinley Tariff raised prices on Hawaiian imported sugar, Americans wanted to annex Hawaii, but Liliuokalani strongly opposed being annexed.
Term
Cuban insurrectos
Definition
When Cuba rose up against Spain, they employed the scorched earth policy hoping to get US on their side against Spain.
Term
General "Butcher" Weyler
Definition
Spanish general during the Cuban insurrection. He killed many innocent Cuban civilians. This provoked the US congress to vote on joining Cuba against Spain
Term
The de Lome letter, Feb. 1898
Definition
This letter was published by Hearst in the paper. It stated that McKinley was and "ear-to-ear politician who lacked good faith."
Term
"Remember the Maine!" Feb. 1898
Definition
The Maine suddenly exploded in Havana harbor killing many navy soldiers. The Spanish were blamed for this, and cries of "Remember the Maine!" rose up as US citizens rallied to go to war with Spain
Term
McKinley's war message, April 1898
Definition
McKinley finally gave in to the publics desire to go to war.
Term
Teller Amendment
Definition
It stated that after Spain was removed from Cuba, the US will give Cubans their independence.
Term
Commodore George Dewey
Definition
After Roosevelt radioed him to attack the Phillipines, he successfully destroyed and captured a 10 ship Spanish fleet with no loss of American life.
Term
Emilio Aguinaldo
Definition
He was brought out of exile to help aid the Americans drive Spain out of the Phillipines. However, the later campaigned against the Americans for an independant Filipino nation.
Term
Hawaiian annexation, July 1898
Definition
Hawaii was annexed in order to set up a base for US warships to refuel.
Term
General William Shafter
Definition
Lead the a fleet of US battleships to drive out Spanish commandor Cevera.
Term
The Rough Riders
Definition
Commanded by Col. Wood and organized by Roosevelt. They rushed at El Caney and San Juan Hill and defeated the Spanish soldiers there.
Term
Col. Leonard Wood
Definition
Lead the Rough Riders at San Juan Hill and El Caney.
Term
Santiago, July 1898
Definition
Shafter landed here and found little opposition from the poorly organized Spanish army.
Term
U.S.S. Oregon
Definition
It alone matched the four warships of Cevera. The US navy destroyed Cevera's fleet.
Term
Anti-Imperialist League
Definition
The cruelty of the US army in the Phillipines caused many people to cry out against Imperialism. They argued that the US had no right to intrude on other nations.
Term
Insular Cases, 1901
Definition
It stated that the newly acquired territories of the United States did not share the rights of the Constitution.
Term
Dr. Walter Reed
Definition
He helped rid Cuba of yellow fever.
Term
The Platt Amendment
Definition
It was designed to tie Cuba to the US. It forbade Cuba to form alliances with foreign powers
Term
Guantanamo Bay
Definition
It was a naval station promised to the US by Cuba by the Platt Amendment.
Term
John Hay
Definition
Introduced the Open Door Policy in China
Term
Open Door Policy
Definition
It suggested that European powers respect Chinese rights and the ideal of fair competition. It was proposed by John Hay in order to protect American interest.
Term
Boxer Rebellion, 1900
Definition
A group of Chinese patriots rebelled to remove all foreigners from China.
Term
McKinley's assassination
Definition
6 months into his term, he was assassinated by an anarchist. This made TR president - what the Republicans feared.
Term
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
Definition
It was concluded withB Britain that the US could not exclusively control a canal cutting across North and South America.
Term
Hay-Poncefort Treaty
Definition
This allowed the US to construct and fortify a canal going across the Central American isthmus.
Term
Hay/Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Definition
After US assisted in Panama's revolt against Columbia, the PM of Panama agreed to allowed the US to widen the canal from 6 to 10 miles wide.
Term
Panamanian revolution
Definition
The US assisted the revolt against Columbia in order to be allowed to build a canal across Panama. Lead by Bunau-Varilla.
Term
Col. George Washington Geothals
Definition
He was able to find a way around all the labor problems in building the canal.
Term
Col. William Gorgas
Definition
He discovered the cause of yellow fever and actively worked to rid the canal area of mosquitoes who carried the disease.
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
It was an extension to the Monroe Doctrine. Roosevelt believed in "preventive intervention." He stated under this corollary that the US was responsible for the financial safety of the Latin American nations. This made the US the "policeman of the western hemisphere."
Term
Dominican intervention
Definition
This was the first time the Roosevelt Corollary was put into action. The US took over management of the tariff collections in the Dominican Republic. Although this made the Dominican officials angry, overall, it helped the Dominican Republic out of their debt.
Term
Russo-Japanese War
Definition
Russia wanted to take Port Arthur and Japan saw this as a threat. Russia was badly beaten by Japan.
Term
Portsmouth Conference
Definition
The Japanese were running out of resources in their war with Russia. They secretly called upon Roosevelt to help sponsor peace negotiations. Both Russia and Japan felt cheated when Roosevelt proposed that Russia didn't have to pay indemnities and that Japan was to receive half of the island Sakhalin.
Term
San Francisco school incident
Definition
The San Francisco school board barred Japanese children from attending school in order to free more space for whites. This caused a major uproar in Japan.
Term
Gentlemen's Agreement
Definition
It was an agreement that Japan will stem the flow of immigrants to California if the Japanese there were allowed to be given education.
Term
The Great White Fleet
Definition
Roosevelt decided to show the US's power by selling the entire navy around the world as a display of power.
Term
Root-Takashira Agreement
Definition
Japan and the US promised to respect each other's holdings in the Pacific. They also promised to uphold the Open Door Policy.
Term
Progressives
Definition
They fought against a variety of things such as monopolies, corruption, inefficiency and social injustices. Their main goal was to use the government as an agency of human welfare.
Term
Henry Demarest Lloyd
Definition
He attacked the Standard Oil Company with his book "Wealth against Commonwealth."
Term
Thorstein Veblen
Definition
He attacked the newly rich with his book "The Theory of the Leisure Class."
Term
Socialists
Definition
They were mostly European immigrants. They called for state socialism and were able to gain respectable strength at the ballots.
Term
The Social Gospel
Definition
The idea of using religion to address modern day issues. They called for better living conditions for the poor and supported progressivism.
Term
Muckrakers
Definition
They were publishers that were intent on exposing the evils of society. They dug deep for dirt to reveal to the public.
Term
Lincoln Steffens
Definition
He launched a series of articles in "McClure's" titled "The Shame of Cities." He revealed to the public the corruption of the big businesses and the government.
Term
Ida Tarbell
Definition
The published an excerpt on the evils of Standard Oil.
Term
Thomas Lawson
Definition
He himself a successful specualtor, revealed the practices of his accomplices in "Frenzied Finance." He made many enemies through his book and died a poor man.
Term
Ray Stannard Baker
Definition
He focused on the Black population of whom 90 percent still lived in the south and one-third were illiterate. He wrote the book "Following the Color Line."
Term
Initiative
Definition
It was the idea of voters directly proposing legislation themselves.
Term
Referendum
Definition
The idea was to place laws on the ballot for final approval by the people.
Term
Recall
Definition
This device allowed voters to remove faithless elected officials especially those that had been bribed.
Term
Australian Ballot
Definition
Used to counteract boss rule.
Term
Seventeenth Amendment
Definition
It established the direct election of senators.
Term
Robert La Follette
Definition
Governor of Wisconsin. He fought to take power from the railroads and powerful corporations and return those rights back to the people.
Term
Hiram Johnson
Definition
He was the Republican governor of California. He broke the grip that the Southern Pacific Railroad had on state politics.
Term
Charles Evans Hughes
Definition
Governor of New York. He investigated the malpractices of gas and insurance companies and the coal trust.
Term
Florence Kelly (National Consumer's League)
Definition
She was the first chief factory inspector of Illinois and fought for improved factory conditions. She took control of the National Consumer's League and called for female consumers to press for protection of working women and children.
Term
Loius Brandies
Definition
He persuaded the Supreme Court to protect women workers because women were physically weaker than men.
Term
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Definition
Women that were locked inside a shirt factory all burned to death. This situation brought to attention the importance of laws regulating factories.
Term
Frances Willard & WTCU
Definition
She led the Womens' Temperance Christian Union. She was able to get some cities to pass "dry laws" which controlled or abolished alcohol.
Term
Square Deal
Definition
Term
Anthracite Coal Strike
Definition
Term
Elkins Act
Definition
Term
Hepburn Act
Definition
Term
Trusts
Definition
Term
Northern Securities Case
Definition
Term
Upton Sinclair
Definition
Term
Meat Inspection Act
Definition
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act
Definition
Term
Gifford Pinchot
Definition
Term
Newlands Act
Definition
Term
John Muir
Definition
Term
Panic of 1907
Definition
Term
William Howard Taft
Definition
Term
Eugene V. Debs
Definition
Term
Dollar diplomacy
Definition
Term
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Definition
Term
Progressives vs. the Old Guard
Definition
Term
Jacob Riis
Definition
He was a reporter for the New York Sun. He revealed to the public the lives of the the poverty stricken in his book "How the Other Half Lives." His book deeply influenced a future New York City police commissioner Theodore Roosevelt.
Term
Theodore Dreiser
Definition
He attacked promoters and profiteers in his books "The Titan" and "The Financier"
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