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APUSH ch 2/3
dbq 10.12 test 10.13
123
History
10th Grade
10/11/2011

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Cards

Term
Name the spanish primitive outpost in north America
Definition
santa fe
Term
Name the french primitive outpost in north America
Definition
quebec
Term
Name the english primitive outpost in north America
Definition
jamestown
Term
This made English colonization lag behind the spanish
Definition
religious conflict
Term
Who was the religious conflict in England between?
Definition
Protestants and Catholics
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Francis Drake
Definition
-privateer
-sailed around the globe
-brought profits of 4600%
-knighted by Elizabeth
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Humphrey Gilbert
Definition
-tried to colonize Newfoundland
-died at sea
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Walter Raleigh
Definition
founded Roanoke Island
Term
When King Philip II invaded England with the "invincible" ______, he lost to the ______ and _____
Definition
-Spanish Armada
-smaller ships
-"Protestant Wind"
Term
After the defeat of the Spanish, the English had what in common with Spain's early colonizing characteristics?
Definition
Religious unity under a great monarchy
Term
During the English depression, this forced many farmers into begging
Definition
enclosure
(" the process which ends traditional rights such as mowing meadows for hay, or grazing livestock on common land")
Term
These two English groups were looking to colonize due to poor economic events
Definition
-younger sons
-beggar farmers
Term
-this joint-stock company received a charter to colonize from James I

-what did it guarantee to colonizers?
Definition
-The Virginia Company of London
-equal rights as Englishmen
Term
IN WHAT YEAR WAS JAMESTOWN FOUNDED????
Definition
1607
Term
What were James I's orders for finding a place to settle?
Definition
-find a place that's easily defensible
-find a place that's good for easy unloading of ships
-create good relations with the Indians
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Lord Baltimore
Definition
-founder of Maryland
-planted Catholic rleatives, colonists looking for land in Chesapeake region when Protestants and Catholics lost and the Baltimore family lost proprietary rights
Term
Maryland passed this, which guaranteed equal rights to everyone who did NOT deny the divinity of Jesus
Definition
Act of Toleration
Term
What elements weakened the Spanish so that the English were able to conquer some West Indie land for itself
Definition
-overextended military
-rebellious Dutch settlers
Term
__________ was to the West Indies as tobacco was to the colonies
Definition
sugar cane
Term
In THIS PLACE, slaves outnumbered settlers 4:1
Definition
West Indies
Term
name the slave code that started elsewhere but came to be used throughout the colonies
Definition
Barbados slave code (1661)
Term
These two Indian tribes were composed of extinct tribes
Definition
Iroquois, Catawbas
Term
What led to more N.A./N.A warfare after the colonists arrived?
Definition
The NAs liked the European stuff, especially their weapons
Term
NAME THAT MAN
John Rolfe
Definition
-improved upon tobacco to cause a tobacco rush
-sealed peace agreement of first anglo-powhatan war by marrying Pocahantas
Term
What did the tobacco rush cause?
Definition
colonists wanted more land
Term
major events of 1619?
Definition
-House of Burgesses
-shipload of women
-africans brought over
-VA made a royal colony
Term
NAME THAT MAN
John Smith
Definition
Told Jamestown settlers:
"No work? No food!"
-kidnapped by Powhatan, saved by Pocahantas
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Lord De La Warr
Definition
-stopped colonizers from leaving Jamestown
-imposed harsh rule
-used brutal "Irish tactics" in the first Anglo-Powhatan War
Term
who initiated the second anglo-powhatan war, and who won?
What did the peace treaty do?
Definition
Powhatans - started it
English - won
the peace treaty destroyed hopes of assimilating cultures, and the Powhatans became extinct
Term
What were the names of the 3 ships headed for roanoke?
Definition
Susan Constant, Godspeed, Discovery
Term
Give a summary of the civil war in England that disrupted colonizing of the Americas (not the religious disputes!)
Definition
-King Charles I dismissed Parliament in 1629
-called them back in 1640
-members beheaded Charles I, got Oliver Cromwell
-Then Charles II took over
Term
While civil war in England made colonization lag, the [period] caused a spike in empire building
Definition
Restoration
Term
V/F: The Lords Proprietors imported slaves from the West Indies
Definition
falsum. Actually, they did not like slaves in their colony
Term
V/F: The Lords Proprietors were Charles II's 8 court favorites that founded Georgia
Definition
ALMOST verum, but they founded Carolina
Term
V/F: Carolinians were determined to "thin" the savannas.
Definition
verum
Term
______became the staple crop in Carolina
Definition
rice
Term
the demand for rice in carolina led to what?
Definition
demand for experienced rice growing slaves and those immune to malaria (ie Africans)
Term
NAME THAT COLONY:
"a vale of humility between two mountains of authority"
Definition
North Carolina
Term
The Tuscarora Indians were beat by the ______
Definition
North Carolina settlers
Term
The Yamasee Indians were beat by the ____
Definition
South Carolina settlers
Term
What were the 3 lasting Indian tribes after the southern colonies were formed?
Definition
-Iroquois
-Cherokees
-Creeks
Term
What was the last of the 13 colonies to be made?
Definition
Georgia
Term
What colony was formed as a buffer between the English and spanish?
Definition
Georgia!
Term
Who founded Georgia?
Definition
James Oglethorpe
Term
What did Georgia export?
Definition
silk and wine
Term
this colony was the only one to receive monetary subsidies from England
Definition
Georgia
Term
While Georgia was considered a melting pot, there was one group of people not included. Who were they?
Definition
Catholics
Term
What were the Iroquois made up of?
Definition
-Mohawks
-Oneidas
-Onondagas
-Cayugas
Term
Who were the founderS of the Iroquois?
Definition
-Deganawida
-Hiawatha
Term
Define; longhouse
Definition
housed maternal Iroquois family
Term
Define: handsome lake
Definition
man who told people to forsake alcohol, affirm old family customs, and return to old Iroquois values (Longhouse religion)
Term
What was Martin Luther's philosophy?
Definition
The Bible alone is the source of God's word
Term
What was John Calvin's philosophy?
Definition
Predestination
-already predetermined whether or not you're going to heaven
-seek to be "converted" to signal whether you were going to heaven
-then show holy behavior as a "visible saint"
Term
What book did John Calvin write?
Definition
Institutes of Christian Religion
Term
Explain the origin of Puritans and Separatists
Definition
When King Henry was making the Anglican Church, people wanted to further reform it, or purify it (thus Puritans)
Some believed that only visible saints should be allowed to join, but Henry let all of his subjects in, and Puritans didn't like sharing pews with who they thought were the damned. Thus, they tried to break away and became known as "Separatists"
Term
Why were Puritans persecuted and originally by whom?
Definition
King James I thought that religious dissenters could become political dissenters
Term
How did the Separatist Puritans end up at Plymouth?
Definition
They fled England's persecution and went to Holland, but left so as to avoid the "Dutchification" of their children

They then made a deal with the Virginia Company, missed their destination, and wound up in MA, surveying a few nearby spots before landing
Term
Why was the trip on the Mayflower kind of odd?
Definition
the death toll was one, and there was one person born on the Mayflower
Term
When did the Mayflower arrive?
Definition
1620
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Captain Myles Standish
Definition
Fought and negotiated with the Native Americans
Term
V/F James I granted the Puritans a charter upon their settling in Plymouth
Definition
Falsum. The Puritans were squatters
Term
What did the Mayflower Compact entail?
Definition
Agreed to
-form a crude gov't
-submit to the will of the majority
Term
Describe the first winter and autumn of the Plymouth settlement
Definition
The first winter was brutal, and the Mayflower (with the exception of the Separatists) sailed back to England in the spring
The autumn, however, was prosperous - the first Thanksgiving happened!!
Term
NAME THAT MAN
William Bradford
Definition
30x Puritan governor
Term
Who did Plymouth merge with in 1691?
Definition
It merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Term
Describe the process of the Non-Separatist Puritan migration
Definition
The Non-Separatists were also resented by the gov't, but they slowly gained support in Parliament

In 1629, however, Parliament was dismissed and Charles I persecuted them more
The same year, the Puritans formed the Massachusetts Bay Company
Term
Why did the Massachusetts Bay Colony grow so quickly?
Where did everyone else go in the migration?
Definition
So many were fleeing from turmoil in England, but more went to the warm, fertile, sugar-rich West Indies
Term
NAME THAT MAN
William Laud
Definition
harshly persecuted Non-Separatist Puritans
Term
NAME THAT MAN
John Winthrop
Definition
First governor of MBC, said he would build a "city upon a hill"
Term
Name three trades that the MBC excelled in
Definition
fur trading, fishing, SHIPBUILDING
Term
The MB colonists thought that they had a covenant with God that entailed a ____
Definition
holy society as a model for humans
Term
Who were "freemen" in MBC society?
Definition
adult male Puritans who could vote
Term
_______ were allowed at town meetings in the MBC
Definition
all male property holders
Term
Who in the colonies didn't like democracy?
Definition
A certain Mister Winthrop
Term
What are ways in which the MBC really was a democracy? (and ways in which it wasn't?)
Definition
YES:
-elect governor, his assistants, a representative assembly, and a general couty
-clergymen could not hold political office
-preachers were elected,salary set
NO:
-only Puritans could be freemen
-God's laws ruled the colony
-established Church
Term
NAME THAT MAN
John Cotton
Definition
Defended government's duty to force religious rules
Term
Nickname for MBC from its theocracy?
Definition
Bible Commonwealth?
Term
Jeopardy Q: The Protestants had simple pleasures, and kept them that way with this.
Definition
what are sumptuary laws?
Term
How did MBC become known as the blue law state?
Definition
sumptuary laws
Term
NAME THAT woMAN
Anne Hutchinson
Definition
preached antinomianism, which said that "holy life was no sure sign of salvation, and the truly saved need not bother with the laws of God or man"


She told the courts that God told her this

She went to Rhode Island after this, and attacked by Indians in NY
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Roger Williams
Definition
-Salem minister, very popular
-extreme Separatist
-challenged the legality of the MBC charter (land shouldn't have been taken from Indians)
-said that the gov't shouldn't regulate religious behavior
-set up Rhode Island, which didn't have established Church, and didn't make non-believers go.
Term
What did the MBC think of Rhode Island?
Definition
Called it a "sewer in which the Lord's debris had collected and rotted"
Term
which colony was the most tolerant and why?
Definition
RI
-religious freedom for Jews and Catholics
-No oaths for religious beliefs
-no mandatory attendance at worship
-no Church taxes
-sheltered Quakers
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Thomas Hooker
Definition
founded Connecticut River Colony
Term
What was the first recognized constitution in America?
Definition
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Term
V/F: Bostonians wanted a closer Church and state than anyone else
Definition
BOTH
falsum: it was New Havenites
verum: New Havenites were zealous Bostonians ...though more went to Hartford
Term
While CT was a squatter colony, they couldn't get a charter from ___ because...
ALTHOUGH....
Definition
Charles I
bad terms
They got a charter to merge w/ more democratic settlers in CT valley
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Ferdinando Gorges
Definition
man who tried to colonize Maine, but (the colony) was absorbed by MBC, as well as New Hampshire...until the king separated it again
Term
the _______ Indians befriended English settlers
Definition
Wampanoag
Term
THIS MAN helped with cultural accommodation when the Puritans came, and even spoke English!
Definition
Squanto
Term
When more English people came to the CT valley, they had confrontations with the ___ and annihilated them with the ___
Definition
Pequots
Naragansett
Term
THESE THINGS were supposed to convert NAs
Definition
praying villages
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Metacom
Definition
-Massoit's son
-AKA King Philip
-Unified NAs to attack (King Philip's War)
-Beheaded, but slowed westward settlement of English
Term
What happened with England's population ....and THEN what happened?
Definition
-Epidemics like the Black Death kept it down UNTIL
-built resistance made the population soar
Term
What sparked the major migration to the colonies from England?
Definition
Economic depression, religious depression
Term
Most of the people migrating from England during the huge influx of colonists were ____. This was because...
Definition
-young men in the "middling classes"
-were escaping enclosure, business slump
Term
What were some problems with indentured servants?
Definition
-40% died before their indenture finished!!
-"freedom dues" weren't much
-Population explosion ended, AND the London fire happened
-society couldn't reproduce w/ such a high death rate and such a slow shortage of women
Term
In 1643, Four colonies ______ because England _____
Definition
united to become New England because England was in civil war
Term
What does NE consist of?
Definition
MBC, Plymouth, New Haven, scattered CT settlements (all Puritans)
Term
Which king of England ended the benign neglect of the colonies?
Definition
Charles II
Term
How did Charles II piss off MA?
Definition
-gave charter to CT
-gave new charter to RI
-took away MA's charter
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Edmund Andros
Definition
-governor of Dominion of NE
-openly affiliated with the COE
-enforced English Navigation Laws
-gave taxes w/o consent
Term
What did the NE DOMINION consist of?
Definition
original NE, AND NY+NJ
Term
What were the English Navigation Laws?
Definition
prohibited trate with any non-English entity (which led to increased smuggling)
Term
NAME THAT WAR
The Glorious Revolution
Definition
-Old England overthrew Catholic James II
-Put in Protestant Will and Mary
-NE Dominion collapsed when they heard
Term
After the Glorious Revolution, MA was made a ___ with a new __ and a new ____
Definition
royal colony
charter
royal governor
Term
How did NY and Maryland come to a relationship of salutary neglect w/ their gov't?
Definition
inspired by Glorious Rev, tried to take out royal governors
Term
How did the Dutch get rich enough to get into the colonizing game?
Definition
-they rebelled against Spain with Protestant England's help (Anglo-Dutch Wars)
Term
Describe the Dutch peoples' colonization efforts
Definition
-colonized East Indies w/ Dutch East India Co.
-sent Henry Hudson to explore Delaware and NY Bay and Hudson River, which was colonized by Dutch West India co.
Term
The Dutch established THIS COLONY for a quick profit in the WHAT busines
Definition
New Netherland
fur-tradubg
Term
Manhattan Island was bought for...
Definition
worthless trinkets
Term
Manhattan Island was bought for...
Definition
worthless trinkets
Term
New Amsterdam was run how?
Definition
-with stockholders in mind -strict, religous, and it had PATROONSHIPS
(vast feudal estates with >50 settlers)
Term
What happened with the Dutch colonizing venture
Definition
-incomptent directors-generals
-demanding stockholders
-wiped out Thirty Years' War winner Sweden
Term
NAME THAT MAN
Peter Stuyvesant
Definition
-helped Dutch wipe out Swedish
Term
How did NY come under the English?
Definition
Charles II gave it to his brother, and Stuyvesant was short on munitions, so he had to give in
Term
What was colonial NY like?
Definition
very aristocratic
Term
Describe the Quakers
Definition
-"Religious Society of Friends"
-Refused to pay taxes to the COE
-Believed everyone was a child of God
-wouldn't take oaths (Jesus commanded to "swear not at all")
-refused military service
-passively resistant
Term
NAME THAT MAN
William Penn
Definition
-bought land from Indian chief Tammany, made PA, advertised it truthfully, and had a liberal land policy
Term
How was NJ made?
Definition
Duke of York handed land over to some nobles, then some Quakers got the land, then the crown combined East and West Jersey
Term
What do the middle colonies have in common?
Definition
-bread colonies
-not a lot of waterfalls
-languid rivers-->fur trade
-tolerant
-economic, social democracy
Term
name the "middle colonies"
Definition
NY, NJ, PA, DE
Term
NAME THAT MAN
John Carver
Definition
first governor of Plymouth
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