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Appreciation and History of Music Final Review
All the songs and terms for the final
117
Music
Undergraduate 2
10/26/2011

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Cards

Term
Whole Note
Definition
Worth 4 beats in common time
Term
Half Note
Definition
worth 2 beats in common time
Term
Quarter Note
Definition
worth one beat in common time
Term
Eighth Note
Definition
worth 1/2 a beat in common time
Term
Sixteenth Note
Definition
worth 1/4 of a beat in common time
Term
Scale
Definition
A series of pitches that proceeds upward or downward according to a prescribed pattern
Term
Chord
Definition
The simultaneous sounding of three or more pitches 
Term
Meter
Definition
The pattern of beats 
Term
Tempo
Definition
How fast or slow the music is
Term
Time Signature 
Definition
Two numbers (one above the other) at the beginning of a section of music that indicate the metrical pattern and how it is notated.  
Term
Common Time
Definition
4/4 Time Signature 
Term
Treble Clef
Definition
Used for Higher Pitch instruments 
Term
Largo
Definition
Slow
Term
Presto
Definition
Fast
Term
Measure
Definition
A group of beats marked as a separate unit in music notation.
Term
Rythm
Definition
The flow of music in terms of time
Term
Piano (p)
Definition
Soft
Term
Forte (f)
Definition
Loud
Term
Pitch
Definition
The high and low of sounds
Term
Beat
Definition
The music's pulse 
Term
Pythagorus
Definition
A mathmatician who was very prominent, but discovered the interval ratios for vibrations
Term
Doctrine of Ethos
Definition
the idea that music can influence a person's character
Term
Gregorian Chant
Definition
was developed by the church.  there is a single meloidic line.  It is in latin.  Only preformed by monks and priests.
Term
Mass
Definition
a symbolic recreation of the last supper.  The different parts are songs/chants that are said or sung.  Originally in latin, but later secular languages were included.
Term
Scholasticism
Definition
the idea that you can rationalize god's work and god's ideas
Term
Polyphony
Definition
multiple lines of music
Term
Motet
Definition
polyphonic music.
Term
Cantus Firmus
Definition
the base line, usually gregorian chant, of a medieval motet.  the other lines were written above it.
Term
Secular
Definition
languages that are not latin
Term
Madrigal 
Definition
same thing as a motet, just in secular language.  used for celebrations, not so much for the church.  Developed during renassiance
Term
Aria 
Definition
a solo singer with orchestra accompniment.  often times the text is repeated a lot.
Term
Opera
Definition
a drama with all singing and orchestra accompniment.
Term
Recitative 
Definition
has a vocalist.  it is a lot of text in a short amount of time.  orchestra has little accopmniment.
Term
Terraced Dynamics 
Definition
volume levels shift abrubtly.
Term
Oratorio 
Definition
like a music drama without the acting, props, costume, scenery etc.
Term
Cantata
Definition
a short oratorio
Term
Chorus 
Definition
sung by a chorus.  somehwat lenghty and repeats the same words over and over again.
Term
Patronage 
Definition
a system where someone wealthy sponsors an artist or composer to create peices for them.
Term
Figured Bass
Definition
a short hand system of writing music which allowed composers to write a lot
Term
Chorale 
Definition
a hymn for the lutheran church
Term
Symphony 
Definition
a long peice of music consisting of four parts.  it has very strict rules
Term
Exposition 
Definition
the first part of sonata form, it gives the two themes.
Term
Development 
Definition
the second part of sonata form, it takes the two themes and changes them a little bit
Term
Recapitulation 
Definition
the last part of sonata form where it recaps the two themes again.  both are in the same key
Term
Sonata Form
Definition
the first movement of a symphony.  consists of three different parts
Term
Rondo Form
Definition
the return of a theme at least two times
Term
Concerto 
Definition
contrasts a soloist with an orchestra
Term
Sonata
Definition
music written for the piano and one or two more instuments
Term
Piano Trio
Definition
a preformance with a violin, chello, and a piano
Term
Movement
Definition
a shorter section of music from a symphony or a concerto
Term
Leitmotiv 
Definition
a musical motive associated with a certain character, emotion, or idea
Term
Program Music
Definition
music that is written with a purpose
Term
Charcater Pieces 
Definition
Term
Virtuoso Pieces 
Definition
Very technically challenging pieces
Term
Art Song
Definition
musical setting or poem.  for piano and vocal solosit
Term
Absolute Music 
Definition
abstract music, not really written for any purpose
Term
Music Drama
Definition
much bigger than earlier operas
Term
Impressionism
Definition
an artistic viewpoint where artists try to capture of the moment, a sensation
Term
Ballet 
Definition
a formal dance to classical music
Term
Idee Fixe (fixed idea)
Definition
an idea fixed on something
Term

Ancient Period

Definition

800 B.C - 476 A.D

Dominated by Greeks and Romans

Don't know what the music sounded like

Important Figure: Pythagorus 

Term
Medieval Period
Definition

476 A.D - 1450 

Dominated by Church

Gregorian Chant developed

Motet Developed (polyphonic music)

Important figure: Hildegard

Term
Renaissance Period 
Definition

1450 A.D - 1600

Madrigal Developed 

Motet becomes simplar 

Important figure- Weelkes

Term
Baroque Period 
Definition

1600 A.D - 1750

Patronage system developed

Composers wrote huge amounts of music (figured bass)

Important figures: Bach 

 

Term
Classical
Definition

1750 A.D - 1820

The symphony is developed

Centered around Vienna

Important figures: Motzart 

Term
Romantic Period 
Definition

1820 A.D - 1900

Big, Dramatic Music

Program Music

Important figures: Wagner 

Term
Dies Irae
Definition

Anonymus 

Medieval period 

Term
Alleluia, Diffusa est gratia
Definition

Perotin

Medieval Period 

Term

Sicut Cervus

 

Definition

Palestrina

Renassiance Period 

Term
As Vesta was from Latmos Hill Descending 
Definition

Weelkes

Renassiance period 

Term
Cannon in D
Definition

Pachelbel 

Baroque Period 

Term
Toccata and Fuque 
Definition

Bach

Baroque Period 

Term

Symphony #40

 

Definition

Motzart

Classical Period 

Term
Symphony #5 I
Definition

Bethoveen

Classical Period 

Term
“Immolation Scene” from Gotterdammerung
Definition

Wagner

Romantic Period 
Big trumpets... dramatic opera singer 

 

Term
“Claire de lune”
Definition

Debussy

Romantic Period 

Term
Tone Row Music
Definition
Term
Serialism
Definition
The application of the principles of tone row music to elements such as dynamics and articulation
Term
Primitivism
Definition
Music that seeks to contain rhythmic power.  Inspired by the music of non-western, “non-literate” cultures,
Term
Neoclassicism
Definition
Works that attempt to emulate the techniques and flavor of those composed during the classical period
Term
Neoromanticism
Definition
Music that incorporates elements of Romantic Music but with modern elements mixed in.
Term
Aleatory music
Definition
Music in which some or all events are the product of chance
Term
Electronic Music
Definition
Music in which the composer has “total control” because sounds are created through electronics (not by performers)
Term
American Nationalism
Definition
Music that celebrated American pride during the middle of the 20th century
Term
Minimalism:
Definition
Music in which a small amount of material is repeated with gradual changes over the course of the composition
Term
Eclecticism
Definition
The practice of combining what the composer believes to be the best features of several different styles
Term
Psychedelic Rock
Definition
LSD
Term
Folk Rock
Definition
Added electronics to acoustic
Term
Early Rock
Definition
Elvis
Term
Heavy Metal
Definition
Extra Volume and Intensity
Term
Heartland Rock
Definition
Working Class Orientated
Term
Surf Rock
Definition
Southern California
Term
Blues Rock
Definition
Long expansive solos
Term
Progressive
Definition
Pink Floyd, concept albums
Term
Brittish Invasion
Definition
Beatles
Term
Punk
Definition
Ramones, anti establisment
Term
Third Stream Jazz
Definition
Mix of jazz and 20th centurary classical
Term
The Blues (jazz)
Definition
expressed emotions of African Americans
Term
Dixeland
Definition
First real jazz style, New Orleans
Term
Ragtime
Definition
Pree jazz style developed in South
Term
Latin Jazz
Definition
Jazz with suncopated carribean/latin american themes
Term
Big Band Jazz
Definition
1930's and 1940's, very popular with mainstream
Term
Cool Jazz
Definition
Developed as a reaction from Bebop
Term
bebop
Definition
fast jazz
Term
Free Jazz
Definition
Jazz with no predetermined parameters
Term
Rite of Spring
Definition
Stravinsky, Primitivism
Term
Fanfare for the Common Man
Definition
Copland, American Nationalism
Term
4'33"
Definition
Cage, Aleatory Music
Term
Short Ride in a Fast Machine
Definition
Adams, Eclecticism
Term
Basin St Blues
Definition
Armstrong, Dixieland Jazz
Term
Bebop
Definition
Parker, Bebop,
Term
Out to Lunch
Definition
Dolphy Free jazz
Term
Chameleon
Definition
Hancock, Funk
Term
Johnny B Goode
Definition
Chuck Berry, Early Rock
Term
Star Spangled Banner
Definition
Jimi Hendrix, Psychadelic
Term
Tommy
Definition
The Who, Progressive
Term
I wanna be sedadted
Definition
The ramones, punk
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