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APAH Vocabulary Ch. 1
vocab for Ch. 1 in Gardner's Art through the Ages, 12th edition.
27
Art History
12th Grade
01/18/2011

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Term
Black-figure painting
Definition
In early Greek pottery, the silhouetting of dark figures against a light background of natural, reddish clay, with linear details incised through the silhouettes.
Term
Burin
Definition
A pointed tool used for engraving or incising.
Term
Composite View
Definition
See twisted perspective
Term
Composition
Definition
The way in which an artist organizes forms in an artwork, either by placing shapes on a flat surface or arranging forms in space.
Term
Cromlech
Definition
A circle of monoliths. Also called henge
Term
Found objects
Definition
Images, materials, or objects as found in the everyday environment that are incorporated into works of art.
Term
Freestanding Sculpture
Definition
See sculpture in the round.
Term
ground line
Definition
In paintings and reliefs, a painted or carved baseline on which figures appear to stand.
Term
Henge
Definition
See cromlech
Term
high relief
Definition
See relief.
Term
Incise
Definition
To cut into a surface with a sharp instrument; also, a method of decoration, especially on metal and pottery.
Term
Landscape
Definition
A picture showing natural scenery, without narrative content.
Term
Lintel
Definition
A beam used to span an opening
Term
low relief
Definition
See relief.
Term
medium
Definition
The material (for example, marble, bronze, clay, fresco) in which an artist works; also, in painting, the vehicle (usually liquid) that carries the pigment.
Term
megalith (adj. megalithic)
Definition
Greek, “great stone.” A large, roughly hewn stone used in the construction of monumental prehistoric structures. See also cromlech.
Term
mesolithic
Definition
The “middle” Stone Age, between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic ages.
Term
Monolith
Definition
A column shaft that is all in one piece (not composed of drums); a large, single block or piece of stone used in megalithic structures.
Term
mural
Definition
A wall painting.
Term
neolithic
Definition
The “new” Stone Age.
Term
paleolithic
Definition
The “old” Stone Age, during which humankind produced the first sculptures and paintings.
Term
radiocardon dating
Definition
Method of measuring the decay rate of carbon isotopes in organic matter to provide dates for organic materials such as wood and fiber.
Term
red-figure painting
Definition
In later Greek pottery, the silhouetting of red figures against a black background, with painted linear details; the reverse of black-figure painting.
Term
relief
Definition
In sculpture, figures projecting from a background of which they are part. The degree of relief is designated high, low (bas), or sunken. In the last, the artist cuts the design into the surface so that the highest projecting parts of the image are no higher than the surface itself. See alsorepoussé.
Term
terracotta
Definition
Hard-baked clay, used for sculpture and as a building material. It may be glazed or painted.
Term
trilithons
Definition
A pair of monoliths topped with a lintel; found in megalithic structures.
Term
twisted perspective
Definition
A convention of representation in which part of a figure is shown in profile and another part of the same figure is shown frontally; a composite view.
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