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APAH Final Cards
All the friggin' cards
127
Art History
12th Grade
04/20/2014

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Eshnunna Statuettes (Sumerian votive offerings)

Square Temple @ Eshnunna, Iraq

2700 BCE

Gypsum inlaid w/ shell & black limestone, 2’6”

Sumerian

One of first commissioned pieces of art

Term
[image]
Definition

Stele with Law code of Hammurabi

Susa, Iran

1780 BCE

Basalt 7’4”

Babylonian

Foreshortening

Term
[image]
Definition

Victory Stele of Naram-Sim

Susa, Iran

2254-2218 BCE

Pink Sandstone 6’7”

Akkadian

Term
[image]
Definition

Menkaure and Khamerernebty

Gizeh, Egypt

2490-2472 BCE

Greywacke 4’6”

4th Dynasty (Old Kingdom)

Term
[image]
Definition

Kroisos

Anavyssos, Greece

530 BCE

Marble 6’4”

Archaic

Term
[image]
Definition

Dying Warrior (east pediment)

Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece

480 BCE

Marble 6’1” long

Transition to Classical

Term
[image]
Definition

POLYKLEITOS

Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)

Roman Mafble Copy of Bronze Original 6’11”

Pompeii, Italy

450-440 BCE

Early/High Classical

Term
[image]
Definition

Sarcophagus with reclining couple

Cerveteri, Italy

520 BCE

Painted Terracotta 3’9” x 6’7”

Etruscan Archaic

Term
[image]
Definition

DIRK BOUTS

The Last Supper

Center panel of Altarpiece of Holy Sacraments

St. Peter’s Louvain, Belgium

1464-1468

*vanishing point/ 1 point perspective

* orthogonals

*focuses on the breaking of the bread, not the religious accuracy

Term
[image]
Definition

Head of Roman Patrician

Orticoli, Italy

75-50 BCE

Marble 1’2”

Republic

Term
[image]
Definition

Parting of Abraham and Lot

Nave of Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, Italy

432-440 CE

Mosaic 3’4” high

Term
[image]
Definition

Justinian, Bishop Maximianus and Attendants

North wall of apse of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy

547 CE

Mosaic

Early Byzantine Art

Term
[image]
Definition

Virgin and Child (Virgin of Paris)

Notre Dame, France

Early 14th Century

Late Gothic

* S-curve

*shown as queen with crown and scepter

Term
[image]
Definition

GIOTTO DE BONDONE

Madonna Enthroned

Church of Ognissanti, Florence, Italy

1310

Tempera and Gold Leaf on Wood

*byzantine gold background

*weighty figures

*gothic architecture

Term
[image]
Definition

PIETRUS CHRISTUS

A Goldsmith in his Shop

1449

Oil on Wood

Term
[image]
Definition

ROBERT CAMPIN (MASTER OF FLEMALLE)

Merode Altarpiece

1425-1428

Oil on Wood

*Tones of color

*annunciation scene in mid-class Flemish home

*Peter Anglbrecht & wife (patrons)

*candle just blown out, among other symbols…

Term
[image]
Definition

DONATELLO

David

1440-1460

Bronze 5’2”

*classical contrapposto

*first renaissance nude statue

*youthful biblical slayer of goliath symbol of independent Florentine republic

*Medici commissioned b/c he identified himself with Florence and its prosperity/ freedom

* classical proportions, sensuous beauty of gods, appealed to humanist medici

Term
[image]
Definition

ANDREA DEL VERROCCHIO

David

1463-1470

Bronze 4’11”

* thinly adolescent body shows close reading of bible

*sturdy, wiry

Term
[image]
Definition

LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI

West Façade of Sant’ Andrea

Mantua, Italy

Designed 1470, begun 1472

*Roman like basilica nova

*façade shorter than building behind it

* barrel vault, triumphal arch, pediment, colossal/giant order

Term
[image]
Definition

MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI

Pieta

1498-1500

Marble 5’8”

St Peter’s Vatican City Rome, Italy

High/Late Renaissance

*terribilata

*focus on connection between Mary and Jesus

Term
[image]
Definition

TITIAN

Meeting of Bacchus and Ariadne

Camerino d’Alabastro Palazzo Ducale, Ferrara, Italy

1522-1523

Oil on Canvas

High/Late Renaissance

Term
[image]
Definition

PARMIGIANINO

Madonna with Long Neck

Balardi Chapel, Sanat Maria dei Servi, Parma, Italy

1534-1540

Oil on Wood

Mannerism

*aristocratic representation

*body position emphasizes elongation

Term
[image]
Definition

GIACOMO DELLA PORTA
Façade of Il Gesú

Rome, Italy

1575-1584

*classical pediments, paired pilaster

Term
[image]
Definition

QUINTEN MASSYS

The Moneychanger and His Wife

1514

Oil on Wood

*Ignoring religious symbols, focus on money

*rich color

Term
[image]
Definition

JAN VAN EYCK

Ghent Altarpiece

St Bavo Cathedral

Ghent, Belgium

1432

Oil on Wood

*Top: adam, Mary, God, Joseph, Eve

*Bottom: fountain of life, lamb of Christ, virgins, pilgrims, hermits, knights, judges

Term
[image]
Definition

MASACCIO

Tribute Money

Brancacci Chapel

Santa Mara de Carmine, Florence, Italy

1424-27

Fresco

*linear perspective

*atmospheric perspective

*chiaroscuro

*outside light source

*commentary on income tax Florentine Republic was considering implementing at the time

Term
[image]
Definition

MICHELANGELO

David

Piazza della Signoria Florence Italy

1501-1504

Marble 17’ high

High/Late Renaissance

*exaggerated features so it could be seen from ground

*classical contrapposto

*tension of LYsippan athletes and emotionalism of Helenistic statuary

Term
[image]
Definition

TITIAN

Venus of Urbino

1538

Oil on Canvas

High/Late Renaissance

*actually was duke of Urbino’s 14 yr old wife

*myrtle and roses, matching trunks symbolize wedding; dog=fidelity

Term
[image]
Definition

SOFONISBA ANGUISSOLA

Portrait of the Artist’s Sisters and Brother

1555

Oil on Panel

Mannerism

*relaxed poses and expressions in intimate and informal group portrait

Term
[image]
Definition

CARLO MADERNO

Façade of Santa Susanna

Rome Italy

1597-1603

Baroque

*stressed vertical axis thru pilasters and columns

Term
[image]
Definition

CARLO MADERNO

Façade of Santa Susanna

Rome Italy

1597-1603

Baroque

*stressed vertical axis thru pilasters and columns

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANCESCO BORROMINI

Façade of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

Rome Italy

1665-1667

Baroque

*undulating motion

Term
[image]
Definition

GIANLORENZO BERNINI

David

1623

Marble 5’7” high

Baroque

*expansive and theatrical

*element of time plays an important role

Term
[image]
Definition

GIANLORENZO BERNINI

Ecstasy of Saint Teresa

Cornaro Chapel Santa Maria della Vittoria Rome Italy

1645-1652

Marble

Baroque

*passionate drama

*Iggy Loyola says spiritual experience increases devotion and piety

Term
[image]
Definition

CARAVAGGIO

Calling of Saint Matthew

1597-1601

Oil on Canvas

Baroque

*tenebrism

*influence of outside light illuminates figures

Term
[image]
Definition

CARAVAGGIO

Conversion of St Paul

1601

Oil on Canvas

Baroque

*different type of naturalism, unidealized figures

*tenebrism

*low horizon line

Term
[image]
Definition

CARAVAGGIO

Judith Beheadding Holofernes

1599-1600

Oil on Canvas

Baroque

*tenebrism

*rich fabrics

*Judith more physically appealing than in Gentileschi’s

*unidealized

Term
[image]
Definition

 

ARTEMISIA GENTILESCHI

Judith Slaying Holofernes

1614-1620

Oil on Canvas

Baroque

Term
[image]
Definition

PETER PAUL RUBENS

Consequences of War

1638-1639

Oil on Canvas

Flanders

Term
[image]
Definition

REMBRANT VAN RIJN

Anatomy lesson of Dr. Tulp

1632

Oil on Canvas

Dutch Republic

Term
[image]
Definition

REMBRANT VAN RIJN

The Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq (The Night Watch)

1642

Oil on Canvas

Dutch Republic

*varnish made it darker

Term
[image]
Definition

JAN VERMEER

Allegory of the Art of Painting

1670-1675

Oil on Canvas

Dutch Republic

Term
[image]
Definition

JUDITH LEYSTER

Self Portrait

1630

Oil on Canvas

Dutch Republic

*not realistic genre piece because she is wearing formal attire

Term
[image]
Definition

CLAUDE LORRAINE

Landscape with Cattle and Peasants

1629

Oil on Canvas

France

*linear perspective

*atmospheric perspective

 

Term
[image]
Definition

HYACINTHE RIGAUD

Louis XIV

Oil on Canvas

1701

France

*The Sun King

Term
[image]
Definition

LEBRUN, HARDOUIN, MANSART

Galerie de Glaces (Hall of Mirrors)

Versailles France

Term
[image]
Definition

SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN

St. Paul’s Cathedral

London, England

*design influences: Palladio & Borromini

*dome recalls saint peters

Term
[image]
Definition

WATTEAU

Pilgrimage to Cythera

Oil on Canvas

1717-1719

Rococo

*fete galante (amorous festival)

*hazy color, subtly modeled shapes, gliding motion, air of suave gentility

Term
[image]
Definition

BOUCHER

Cupid, a captive

1754

Oil on Canvas

Rococo

Term
[image]
Definition

FRAGONARD

The Swing

1766

Oil on Canvas

Rococo

Term
[image]
Definition

ELISABETH-LOUIS VIGEE LEBRUN

Self Portrait

1790

Oil on Canvas

New Naturalism

*one of few women admitted to France’s Royal Academy of painting and sculpture

*depicted confidently painting mary Antoinette, showing how her art has made her part of society

Term
[image]
Definition

HOGGARTH

Breakfast Scene from Marriage a la Mode

1745

Oil on Canvas

New Naturalism

*satirizing 18th century English life

*marital immoralities of monied class

Term
[image]
Definition

JACQUES LOUIS DAVID

Oath of the Horatii

1784

Oil on Canvas

Neoclassicism

*celebrates ancient roman patriotism & sacrifice

*statuesque figures and classical architecture

Term
[image]
Definition

ANGELICA KAUFFMANN

Mother of Gracchi (Cornelia Presenting her children as treasures)

1785

Oil on Canvas

Neoclassicism

*Enlightenment fascination with classical antiquity and classical art

Term
[image]
Definition

COPLEY

Portrait of Paul Revere

1768-1770

Oil on Canvas

New Naturalism

*emphasizes down to earth character, differentiating from European counterparts

Term
[image]
Definition

JACQUES LOUIS DAVID

Coronation of Napoleon

1505-1508

Oil on Canvas

*neoclassical elements

*polarity between religious entities on right and supporters on left

*took artistic liberties to demonstrate Napoleon’s power over the state

Term
[image]
Definition

JEAN AUGUSTE DOMINIQUE INGRES

Grande Odalisque

1814

Oil on Canvas

*Greco-roman subject but neoclassical figure, mannerist face

*exotic elements

Term
[image]
Definition

HENRY FUSELI

The Nightmare

1781

Oil on Canvas

Romanticism

*shift of emphasis from reason to feeling

*subconscious

*fantasies of imagination, dark, sadistic

Term
[image]
Definition

JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID

Death of Marat

1793

Oil on Canvas

Neoclassicism

*depicted as matyr

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANCISCO GOYA

Third of May

1808

Oil on Canvas

Romanticism

*sympathized with Spanish

*anguished expressions

Term
[image]
Definition

THEODORE GERICAULT

Raft of the Medusa

1818-9

Oil on Canvas

Romanticism

*diagonal orientation, jorner juts out

*powerful x

*black crewmember at top gives statement against slavery

Term
[image]
Definition

EUGENE DELACROIX

Liberty Leading the People

1830

Oil on Canvas

Romanticism

*contemporaneous historical fact balanced with poetic allegory

*1830 revolution

*Parisian landmarks announce specificity and locale

Term
[image]
Definition

JOSEPH MALLARD WILLIAM TURNER

The Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On)

1840

Oil on Canvas

*Emotive Power of Color

*Sublime- awe mixed with terror

Term
[image]
Definition

GUSTAVE COURBET

The Stone Breakers

1849

Oil on Canvas

Realism

*used color to display dreary and dismal nature of menial labor in mid 19th century france

Term
[image]
Definition

ALBERT BIERSTADT

Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California

1868

Oil on Canvas

Romanticism

*Reinforced manifest destiny, justify westward expansion

Term
[image]
Definition

THOMAS COLE

The Oxbow (View from Mount Holyoke, Northhampton Mass after a Thunderstorm)

1836

Oil on Canvas

Romanticism

*dark wilderness on left and sunlit civilization on right

Term
[image]
Definition

EDUOARD MANET

Olympia

1863

Oil on Canvas

Realism

*controversial with nude prostitute and black maid

*rough brush strokes and abruptly shifting tonality

Term
[image]
Definition

EDOUARD MANET

Le Dejeuner sur l’Herbe (Luncheon on the Grass)

1863

Oil on Canvas

Realism

*controversial for shocking subject matter and manner of painting

*colors used to flatten from and draw attention to surface

Term
[image]
Definition

GUSTAVE COURBET

Burial at Ornans

1849

Oil on Canvas

Realism

*ordinary nature of the subject

*antiheroic composition

Term
[image]
Definition

JEAN FRANCOIS MILLET

The Gleaners

1857

Oil on Canvas

Realism

Term
[image]
Definition

LOUIS JACQUES MANDE DAGUERRE

Still Life in Studio

1837

Daguerreotype

Photography

*one of first plates Daguerre produced after perfecting his new process

*still life with detail and graduated tones

Term
[image]
Definition

NADAR

Eugene Delacroix

1855

Modern Print

Photography

*one of earliest portrait photographers

Term
[image]
Definition

TIMOTHY O’SULLIVAN

A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg PA July 1863

1863

Negative by Timothy O’Sullivan

Albumen print by ALEXANDER GARDNER

Term
[image]
Definition

CLAUDE MONET

Rouen Cathedral: The Portal (in Sun)

1894

Oil on Canvas

Impressionism

*real subject is sunlight not building

*short choppy brush strokes

Term
[image]
Definition

GUSTAVE CAILLEBOTTE

Paris: A Rainy Day

1877

Oil on Canvas

Impressionism

*randomly placed figures and arbitrarily cropped vista suggest transitory nature of modern life

*Haussmannization

Term
[image]
Definition

PIERRE AUGUSTE RENOIR

Le Moulin de la Galette

1876

Oil on Canvas

Impressionism

*dappled sunlight and shade blurred into figures produce floating and fleeting light

*single moment in time

*cropped figures, brush strokes

Term
[image]
Definition

 EDOUARD MANET

Bar at the Flies Bergere

1882

Oil on Canvas

Impressionism

*spatial inconsistencies

Term
[image]
Definition

EDGAR DEGAS

Ballet Rehearsal

1874

Oil on Canvas

Impressionism

*cut off figures, patterns of light, blurry images

Term
[image]
Definition

 

MARY CASSATT

The Bath

1892

Oil on Canvas

Impressionism

*Degas & Japanese influences

Term
[image]
Definition

HENRI DE TOULOUSE LAUTREC

At the Moulin Rouge

1892-1895

Oil on Canvas

Post-Impressionism

*inflences of degas, Japanese, photography: oblique composition

*glaring light, masklike faces, dissonant colors= Lautrec

Term
[image]
Definition

GEORGES SEURAT

Sunday Afternoon on le Grande Jatte

1884-6

Oil on Canvas

Post Impressionism

*pointillism/ dividionsim

Term
[image]
Definition

VINCENT VAN GOGH

Night Café

1888

Oil on Canvas

Post impressionism

*colors and distorted forms to express emotions

*thickness shape and direction of brushstrokes create tactile counterpart to intense colors

Term
[image]
Definition

PAUL GAUGIN

Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going?

1897

Oil on Canvas

Post impressionism

*pessimistic view of inevitability of life

Term
[image]
Definition

PAUL CEZANNE

Mont Sainte Victoire

1902-1904

Oil on Canvas

Post impressionism

*careful analysis of lines, planes, color of nature

*used juxtaposition of color to create depth

Term
[image]
Definition

ODILON REDON

The Cyclops

1898

Oil on Canvas

Symbolism

*figment of imagination as if it was real: whimsical colors adapted from impressionist palette

Term
[image]
Definition

ANTONIO GAUDI

Casa Mila

Barcelona Spain

1907

Spanish Art Nouveau

*naturalism of shape

Term
[image]
Definition

AUGSTE RODIN

Burghers of Calais

1884-1889

Bronze

*commemorates 100yrs war

*enhanced psychic effects, unidealized

Term
[image]
Definition

GUSTAV KLIMT

The Kiss

1907-1908

Oil on Canvas

Symbolism

Term
[image]
Definition

HENRI MATISSE

Woman with the Hat

1905

Oil on Canvas

Fauvism

*color to produce reaction from viewer

Term
[image]
Definition

ERNST LUDWIG KIRCHNER

Street, Dresden

1908

Oil on Canvas

German Expressionsim

*influence of Fauves and Munch

Term
[image]
Definition

VASSILY KANDINSKY

Improvisation 28

1912

Oil on Canvas

German Expressionism: Blue Rider Group

Term
[image]
Definition

PABLO PICASSO

Les Demoiselles D’Avignon

1907

Oil on Canvas

Cubism

*influenced by African, Iberian, cezanne

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANZ MARC

Fate of the Animals

1913

Oil on Canvas

German Expressionism: Blue Riders

Term
[image]
Definition

GEORGES BRAQUE

The Portuguese

1911

Oil on Canvas

Analytic Cubism

Term
[image]
Definition

PICASSO

Still Life with Chair Caning

1912

Oil and oilcloth on canvas

Synthetic Cubism

Term
[image]
Definition

PICASSO

Guernica

1937

Oil on Canvas

Analytic Cubism

*fragmentation of objects and dislocation of anatomical figures to express emotion

Term
[image]
Definition

UMBERTO BOCCIONI

Unique forms of Continuity in Space

1913

Bronze

Futurism

*abolished enclosed statue

Term
[image]
Definition

JEAN (HANS) ARP

Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance

1916-7

Torn and Pasted paper

Dada

*dropped pieces of paper, reliance on chance reinforces anarchy inherent to Dada

Term
[image]
Definition

MARCEL DUCHAMP

Nude Descending a Staircase No. 2

1912

Oil on Canvas

Cubist and Futurist

*at 1913 Armory show, intro’d avante garde art to America

Term
[image]
Definition

CHARLES DEMUTH

My Egypt

1927

Oil on composition board

Precisionism

*geometric forms amid cubist transparent diagonal planes

Term
[image]
Definition

KATHE KOLLWITZ

Woman with Dead Child

1903

Etching and soft-ground etching

Overprinted lithographically with gold tone plate

German Expressionism

*mother mourning over child like pieta

*animal like grief

Term
[image]
Definition

MAX ERNST

Two Children are Threatened by a Nightingale

1924

Oil on wood with wood construction

Surrealism

*intentionally ambiguous title

*traditional perspective to represent setting but sketchily rendered figures belong to a dream world

Term
[image]
Definition

SALVADOR DALI

The Persistence of Memory

1931

Oil on Canvas

Surrealism

*”images in concrete irrationality” in realistically rendered landscape

Term
[image]
Definition

RENE MAGRITTE

The Treachery (or Perfidy) of Images

1928-9

Oil on Canvas

Surrealism

*challenges viewers reliance on conscious and rational in reading of visual art

Term
[image]
Definition

JOAN MIRO

Painting

1933

Oil on Canvas

Surrealism

*automatism, creation f art without conscious control

Term
[image]
Definition

PIET MONDRIAN

Composition in Red Blue and Yellow

1930

Oil on Canvas

De Stijl (The Style)

*pure plastic

*primary colors in grid of intersecting lines

*dynamic tension

Term
[image]
Definition

EDWARD HOPPER
Nighthawks

1942

Oil on Canvas

*loneliness and depression of Depression era life in US

Term
[image]
Definition

 DIEGO RIVERA

Ancient Mexico

From History of Mexico, National Palace, Mexico City

1929-1935

Fresco

Term
[image]
Definition

FRIDA KAHLO

The Two Fridas

1939

Oil on Canvas

*sensual and psychological

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Robie House

Chicago, IL

1907-9

*architecture of democracy: free individuals move within free space

*nonsymmetrical design

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Kaufmann House (Fallingwater)

Bear Run, PA

1936-9

*extends into natural environment

Term
[image]
Definition

GIACOMETTI

Man Pointing

1947

Bronze

Postwar Expressionism

*epitome of existentialist humanity: alienated, solidary, lost in world’s immensity

Term
[image]
Definition

WILLEM DE KOONING

Woman I

1950-1952

Oil on Canvas

Gestural Expressionism

Term
[image]
Definition

MARK ROTHKO

No. 14

1960

Oil on Canvas

Chromatic Abstraction

*emphasized color and visual experience

Term
[image]
Definition

ELLSWORTH KELLY

Red Blue and Green

1963

Oil on Canvas

Post Painterly Abstraction

*Hard Edge painting: razor sharp edges and clearly delineated areas of color

*2D image

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANK STELLA

Mas o Menos

1964

Metallic power in acrylic emulsion on canvas

Post painterly abstraction

*no central focus, no painterly or expressive elements, no tactile quality

Term
[image]
Definition

CHUCK CLOSE

Big Self Portrait

1967-8

Acrylic on Canvas

Superrealism

*avoided creative compositions, flattering lighting effects, and revealing facial expressions

Term
[image]
Definition

RICHARD HAMILTON

Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing?

1956

Collage

Pop Art

*mass media imagery

Term
[image]
Definition

ANDY WARHOL

Marylin Diptypch

1962

Oil on Silkscreen enamel on Canvas

Pop Art

*repetition of face reinforce status as consumer product

Term
[image]
Definition

CINDY SHERMAN

Untitled Film Still #35

1979

Gelatin silverprint

Feminist Art

*address women’s representation in western art for enjoyment of “male gaze’

Term
[image]
Definition

ROY LICHTENSTEIN

Hopeless

1963

Oil on Canvas

Pop Art

*Benday dots

 

Term
[image]
Definition

BARBARA KRUGER

Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of My Face)

1981

Photograph, red painted frame

Feminist Art

*male gaze

Term
[image]
Definition

MARK TANSEY

A short history of modernist painting

1982

Oil on Canvas

Social/Political Art

*Renaissance window to world, modernist insistence on flat surface, postmodern reflection on place in art history

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANK GEHRY

Guggenheim Bilbao Museo

Bilbao Spain

1997

Deconstructivist

*disorder and randomness

Term
[image]
Definition

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Soloman R Guggenheim Museum

New York

1943-59

Modernism

Term
[image]
Definition

ROBERT SMITHSON

Spiral Jetty

Great Salt Lake UT

Basalt, limestone, earth

1970

Environmental Art

Term
[image]
Definition

NAM JUNE PAIK

Video still from Global Groove

1973

Color videotape, sound, 30 min

Video

*fragmented sequences of performances and commercials intended as a sample of rich worldwide TV menu of future

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