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AP World Histoy
terms and definitions
13
History
10th Grade
01/01/2009

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Cards

Term
Niccolo Machinvelli
Definition
author of The Prince, emphasized realiastic discussions of how to seize and maintain power.
Term
humanism
Definition
movement that focused on humanity as the center of intellectual and artistic endeavor.
Term
Johannes Gutenburg
Definition
introduced movable type to western Europe in the 15th century; greatly improved the availability of printed materials
Term
Martin Luther
Definition
German Catholic monk who initiated the Protestant Reformation; emphasized the primacy of faith for gaining salvation in place of Catholic sacraments, rejected papal authority.
Term
Anglican church
Definition
form of Protestantism in England; established by Henry VIII
Term
Protestantism
Definition
general wave of religious dissent against the Catholic Church; formally begun by Martin Luther.
Term
Jean Calvin
Definition
CFrench Protestant whho stressed doctrine of predestination; established center of his group in Geneva; in the long run encouraged wider public education and access to government
Term
Catholic Reformation
Definition
Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation; reformed and revived Catholic doctrine
Term
Jesuits
Definition
Catholic religious order founded during Catholic Reformation; active in politics, education, and missionary work outside of Europe.
Term
Edict of Nantes
Definition
1598 grant of tolerance in France to French Protestants after lengthly civil wars between Catholics and Protestants.
Term
Thirty Years' War
Definition
War from 1618 to 1648 between German Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor and Spain; caused great destruction
Term
Treaty of Westphalia
Definition
ended Thirty Years' War in 1648; granted right of individual rulers and cities to choose their own religion for their people; Netherlands gained independence.
Term
English Civil War
Definition
conflict from 1640 to 1660; included religious and constitutional issues concerning the powers of the monarchy; ended with restoration of a limited monarchy.
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