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Chapter 4: American Life in the Seventeenth Century
N/A
15
History
11th Grade
04/22/2013

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Term
Indentured Servants
Definition
Migrants who, in exchange for transatlantic passage, bound themselves to a colonial employer for a term of service, typically between four & seven years.  Their migration addressed the chronic labor shortage in the colonies & facilitated settlement.
Term
Headright System
Definition
Employed in the tobacco colonies to encourage the importation of indentured service, the system allowed an individual to acquire fifty acres of land if he paid for a laborer's passage to the colony.
Term
Bacon's Rebellion
Definition
Uprising of Virginia backcountry farmers & indentured servants led by planter Nathaniel Bacon; initially a response to governor William Berkeley's refusal to protect backcountry settlers from Indian attacks, the rebellion eventually grew into a broader conflict between impoverished settlers & the planter elite.
Term
Royal African Company
Definition
English joint-stock company that enjoyed a state-granted monopoly on colonial slave trade from 1622 to 1698.  The supply of slaves to the North American colonies rose sharply once the colony lost its monopoly privileges.
Term
Middle Passage
Definition
Transatlantic voyage slaves endured between Africa & the colonies.  Mortality rates were notoriously high.
Term
New York Slave Revolt
Definition
Uprising of approximatly two dozen slaves that resulted in the deaths of nine whites & the brutal execution of twenty-one participating blacks.
Term
South Carolina Slave Revolt (Stono River)
Definition
Uprising, also known as the Stono Rebellion, of more than fifty South Carolina blacks along the Stono River.  The slaves attempted to reach Spanish Florida but were stopped by the South Carolina militia.
Term
Congregational Church
Definition
Self-governing Puritan congregations without the hierarchial establishment of the Anglican church.
Term
Jeremiad
Definition
Often-fiery sermons lamenting the waning pity of parishoners; first delievered in New England in the mid-17th century; named after the doom-saying Old Testament prophet Jeremiah.
Term
Half-Way Convenant
Definition
Agreement allowing unconverted offspring of church members to baptize their children.  It signified a waning of religious zeal among second & third generation Puritans.
Term
Salem Witch Trials
Definition
Series of witchcraft trials launched after a group of adolescent girls in Salem, Massachusetts, claimed to have been bewitched by certain older women of the town.  Twenty individuals were put to death before the trials were put to an end by the Governor of Massachusetts.
Term
Leisler's Rebellion
Definition
Armed conflict between aspiring merchants led by Jacob Leisler & the ruling elite of New York.  One of many uprisings that erupted across the colonies when wealthy colonists attempted to recreate European social structures in the New World.
Term
William Berkeley
Definition
Governor of Virginia who was eventually cast out due to Bacon's Rebellion, but later crushed the uprising.
Term
Nathaniel Bacon
Definition
Twenty-nine year old planter who was the leader of the radical Bacon's Rebellion; eventually died during the rebellion from disease.
Term
Anthony Johnson
Definition
Rare former slave who not only gained independence, but became a slave owner himself.
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