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AP Psych Chapter 3
AP Psych Chapter 3 - Nature vs. Nurture
16
Psychology
Not Applicable
01/21/2012

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Cards

Term
The Nature/Nurture Controversy: What are two types of psychologists and their approach to the nature/nurture argument?
Definition
Evolutionary Psychologist: They study how natural selection favors certain traits to increase the odds of survival and they study the universal behaviors that all humans share.
Behavioral Geneticist: They study the effects of genes and the environment on mental ability, temperament, personality, and interests.
Term
Identical Twins
Definition
These kinds of twins share the same genetic heritage and grew from the same fertilized egg (monozygotic). These twins are always the same gender.
Term
Monozygotic
Definition
Twins who grow from the same fertilize egg. (Identical)
Term
Fraternal Twins
Definition
These kinds of twins share half of the same genes and developed from two different fertilized eggs. (Dizygotic) These twins don't always have to be the same gender.
Term
Dizygotic
Definition
Twins who developed from two different fertilized eggs. (Fraternal)
Term
Heritability
Definition
The amount of variation between individuals that is a result of genetics.
Term
Genotype
Definition
The genetic makeup for a trait.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
The expression of a gene.
Term
Dominant Gene
Definition
In a trait that is determined by one gene, the expressed gene is called the ___________.
Term
Hidden Gene
Definition
Recessive Gene
Term
Chromosomal/Genetic Abnormalities
Definition
Turner's Syndrome
Klinefelter's Syndrome
Down's Syndrome
Term
Turner's Syndrome
Definition
An abnormality that causes girls to not develop secondary sex characteristics at puberty.
Term
Klinefelter's Syndrome
Definition
An abnormality that causes boys to not develop secondary sex characteristics at puberty.
Term
Down's Syndrome
Definition
An abnormality that causes mental retardation, poor muscle tone, poor coordination, and physical ailments like a round head and small round ears.
Term
Social Learning Theory (concerning gender)
Definition
The theory that kids learn gender-linked behavior through observation, imitation, rewards, and punishments.
Term
Gender Schema Theory
Definition
The theory that gender becomes the lens that people look at life through. We learn gender-linked behavior by comparing our lens to other's behavior and adjusting accordingly.
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