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AP Government Semester Terms
government terms
36
History
12th Grade
12/16/2014

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Term
Power
Definition
The ability to get someone to act in accordance with their intentions
Term
Authority
Definition
the right to use power
Term
Democracy
Definition
Aristotle - the "rule of the many"
Term
Direct (or participatory) democracy
Definition
When all or most citizens participate directly in holding office or making party
Term
Respresentative democracy
Definition
Schumpeter - political decisions are made by individuals (leaders) acquire the power to decide by means of competition of votes
Term
elite
Definition
an individual or group with great political power
Term
Marxist
Definition
a person who believes that those who control the economy also control the political system
Term
bureaucrat
Definition
an appointed official who operates a government agency from day to day
Term
pluralist
Definition
A belief that competition better all affected interests shaped political policy
Term
unalienable
Definition
based on nature - John locke stated certain rights are unalienable and should not be denied
Term
Articles of confederation
Definition
went into effect in 1781 - could not levy taxes or regulate commerce
Term
constitutional convention
Definition
delegates assembled at a meeting held in Philadelphia to amend the articles
Term
Shay's Rebellion
Definition
in 1787, a group of ex-Revelutionary War soldiers and officers who were angry about debts, high taxes, and losing their property stormed courts in Massachusetts
Term
judicial review
Definition
the supreme court can declare an act unconstitutional
Term
republic
Definition
a form of government that allows "the people" to vote for representatives to make political decisions
Term

federalism

Definition
political authority is divided between state and national governments
Term
faction
Definition
a group of people who seek to influence public policy
Term
Federalist papers
Definition
a way to help the ratification of the constitution - posted by Madison, Jay, and Hamilton
Term
Federalist No. 10
Definition
In this essay, factions are stated as destroyers of a republic
Term
Federalist no. 51
Definition
an essay in which seperation of powers is explained and supported, also factions are better in large republics than small republics
Term
coalition
Definition
interest groups form an alliance
Term
writ of habeas corpus
Definition
a person may not be detained without sufficient evidence of a crime being committed
Term
bill of attainder
Definition
law that may not be passed - declares a person guilty without a trial
Term
ex post facto law
Definition
"after the fact"- a person may not be charged for something they did if they did it before a law was passed
Term
ammendment 1
Definition
right of speech, religion and freedom of press; the right to petition government
Term
ammendment 4
Definition
no unreasonable searches or seizures
Term
ammendment 5
Definition
no double jeopardy
Term
ammendment 6
Definition
right to a speedy trial
Term
ammendment 8
Definition
no cruel or unusual punishments
Term
ammendment 2
Definition
right to bear arms
Term
ammendment 3
Definition
troops may not be quartered in homes in peacetime
Term
block grants
Definition
money given for a general purpose
Term
neccessary and proper clause
Definition
also known as the elastic clause
Term
nullification
Definition
states nullify a law passed by the federal government if it is believed to be unconstitutional
Term
grants-in-aid
Definition
money given to states
Term
land grants
Definition
money given to build universities
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