Details Title: AP Exam Cram session Description: CRAM!!! Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 05/04/2008 20:30:59		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Political Studies Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Marbury v. Madison Definition Established judicial review over acts of congress Term McChulloch v. Maryland Definition Supremacy of national govt over state govts. Congress has certain implied powers in order to fulfill their enumerated powers Term Gitlow v. New York Definition Freedom of press and speech --> protected by the due Process clause of the 14th amendment also Term Mapp v. Ohio Definition Ruled against unreasonable searches and seizures, protected by the 4th amendment Term Gideon v. Wainwright Definition anyone accused of a felony has a right to a lawyer-- Protected by 6th amendment Term Engel v. Vitale Definition Officials violated 1st amdt. when they wrote a prayer for schoolchildren to recite (New York) Term Miller V. California Definition avoided defining obscenity; leaving it up to the individual communities Term New York Times v. Sullivan Definition Established guidelines for determining whether public officials and public figures could win damage suits for libel---must prove that statements were made with "actual malice" or "reckless disregard for the truth" Term Texas v. Johnson Definition Law against flag burning in Texas shot down ---> Protected under symbolic speech in the 1st amdt. Term Miranda v. Arizona Definition protect accused persons from self-incrimination *Miranda rights--"You have the right to remain silent..."* Term Plessey v. Ferguson Definition (1896) ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional Term Brown v. Board of Education Definition seperate but equal in the schools was unconstitutional--> violated the 14th amdts. guarantee of equal protection *marked the end of legal segregation in US* Term Tinker v. Des Moines School District Definition Kids suspended form school for wearing black armbands protesting the vietnam war---> court ruled that freedom of speech included symbolic speech Term Roe v. Wade Definition Ban on all abortions unconstitutional: first trimester: states have no control second trimester: states may banned except to protect the mother third trimester: may be banned completely by states Term Regents of the university of California v. Bakke Definition State universities cannot admit less qualified individuals solely because of their race Term Rule of four Definition 4 supreme court justices agree to hear a case, it is heard Term Concurrent Powers Definition powers that belong to both the state and national govts. (ex--right to tax) Term rider Definition additions to a bill Term expressed powers Definition powers listed in the constitution Term judicial review Definition power judicial branch has over congress; they check laws to make sure they are constitutional Term necessary and proper clause Definition gives govt implied powers, or powers neede for them to fulfill their expressed powers Term exclusionary rule Definition evidence, no matter how incriminating, can not be used in court if obtained through unreasonable search and seizure Term commerce clause Definition federal govt has the right to control commerce Term iron triangle Definition dominate some areas of policymaking and are composed of: 1. Bureaucracies 2. Congress 3. interest group Term eminent domain Definition The right of a government to appropriate private property for public use, usually with compensation to the owner. Term OMB Definition White House office responsible for devising and submitting the president's annual budget proposal to Congress. Term block grant Definition unrestricted federal grant Term coattail effect Definition The tendency for a popular political party leader to attract votes for other candidates of the same party in an election Term filibuster Definition unique to the senate, and it is where senators pick a peice of legislation and talk it to death. Term Cloture Definition to halt a filibuster, 60 members of the senate present and voting stop a filibuster. Term pocket veto Definition where the president neither confirms nor denies a bill, it just goes past its expiration date and is vetoed Term defecit Definition when the government spends more money than it takes in