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AP Ch 14
The Latin West 1200–1500
16
History
10th Grade
01/02/2012

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Term
Latin West
Definition

Historians’ name for the territories of Europe that

adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin

language for intellectual exchange in the period ca. 1000–

1500.

Term
Three-Field Systems
Definition

A rotational system for agriculture in

which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, and one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe

Term
Black Death
Definition

An outbreak of bubonic plague that spread

across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth

century, carrying off vast numbers of persons

Term
Water Wheel
Definition

A mechanism that harnesses the energy in

flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery. It was used in many parts of the world but was especially common in Europe from 1200 to 1900.

Term
Hanseatic League
Definition

An economic and defensive alliance of the

free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century

Term
Guild
Definition

In medieval Europe, an association of men (rarely

women), such as merchants, artisans, or professors, who worked in a particular trade and banded together to promote their economic and political interests. Guilds were also important in other societies, such as the Ottoman and

Safavid empires.

Term
Gothic Cathedrals
Definition
Gothic cathedrals Large churches originating in twelfthcentury France; built in an architectural style featuring pointed arches, tall vaults and spires, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows.
Term
Renaissance (European
Definition

A period of intense artistic and

intellectual activity, said to be a “rebirth” of Greco-Roman culture. Usually divided into an Italian Renaissance, from roughly the mid-fourteenth to mid-fifteenth century, and a

Northern (trans-Alpine) Renaissance, from roughly the early fifteenth to early seventeenth century.

Term
Universities
Definition

 Degree-granting institutions of higher learning.

Those that appeared in Latin West from about 1200 onward became the model of all modern universities

Term
Scholasticism
Definition
A philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic heology in the thirteenth century
Term
Humanists (Renaissance)
Definition
 European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, languages, and moral philosophy), influential in the fifteenth century and later
Term
Printing Press
Definition

A mechanical device for transferring text or

graphics from a woodblock or type to paper using ink. Presses using movable type first appeared in Europe in about 1450. See also movable type.

Term
Great Western Schism
Definition

 

A division in the Latin (Western)  Christian Church between 1378 and 1417, when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avigno.

 

Term
Hundred Years War
Definition

 (1337–1453)


Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.

Term
New Monarchies
Definition

Historians’ term for the monarchies in

France, England, and Spain from 1450 to 1600. The centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limit

Term
Reconquest
Definition

Beginning in the eleventh century,

military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. In 1492 the last Muslim ruler was defeated, and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms

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