44BCE

44BCE --> 27BCE

Sarcohagus 

520BCE

Domestic Touch

Happy

Portrait Coffins

Tomb of the Lionesses

520BCE

Funerary Tent

Music, dancing, banqueting

She-Wolf

500BCE

Nursing Romulus & Remus (babies added by Romans)

Capitoline Hill

Ferocious & sympathetic

Apollo

500BCE

attributed to Vulca

part of a 4 figure scene

archaic smile

action & energy

Musicians & Dancers

480BCE

in Tomb of the Lionesses (frieze)

Women are active participants

Afterlife is happy & joyful

Young man & woman dance to flute music here

Head of a Man

300BCE

Was part of a bronze statue

Brutus?

extremely detailed face, painted ivory eyes

Baths of Caracalla

210BCE

dedicated to Roman emp Caracalla

public baths

designed symmetrically

got water from aqueducts till 537AD when Goths destroyed them

Porta Augusta

200BCE

City gate of Perugia

semicircular barrel vault

decorative (roundels)

like Greek Doric frieze metopes

House of the Silver Wedding

200BCE

built for royal couple's wedding anniversary

focus on design & beauty

it's very organized

large atrium, reflecting pool, gardens

Aulus Metellus

150BCE

"The Orator"

Aulus Metellus was a Roman official

authoritative & persuasive pose

placed atop a column

wears leather boots & toga: chracteristic of a Roman official

100BCE

first used for foundations

could make more shapes: like curves

asorbed moisture so had to cover with another material like marble or stone

Temple of Portunus

75BCE

dedicated to god Portunus (of livestock)

used to be on river port and watch the cattle barges arrive

872AD: converted into a church

Initiation Into the Cult of Bacchus/

Villa of Mysteries

60BCE

Frescoes

Dionysus = Bacchus

cult = parties, enjoyment, indulgent

Wedding practices/ritual?

Livia

20BCE

Wife of Augustus (her second husband)

discovered in villa of mysteries

arm across chest = traditional roman gesture

commanding presence, strong realistic features

Maison Carree

16BCE

located in forum

architecture influenced by greeks (vesuvian architecture;vesuvius)

     ex. corinthian columns, pediment

Ara Pacis, Imperial Procession

13BCE

individuals = specific (not idealized)

senate members, augustus, some of his family members

figures going west, giving thanks to augustus for bringing peace

Ara Pacis, Allegory of Peace

13BCE

altar of peace (augustus)

animals in foreground, etchings in background

woman= goddess, tellus (earth) modern day Mother Earth? = fertility?

Colosseum

80AD

80 arched entrances, 55,000 spectators

royals sit at bottom, peasants crowded at top

drainage system, raised foundation, retractable awning

lots of planning!

amphitheater

Arch of Titus

81AD

built by Titus' brother

dedicated to Titus & to commemorate the Jewish War Victory

triumphal procession & inscription

a lot of it is bronze and the reliefs were colored

Pont du Gard

100AD

aqueduct that brought 100+ gallons of water for each person every day

built when empire was at pinnacle

took 12 years to build

Markets of Trajan

110AD

built by Apollodorus of Damascus

used to have 6 stories

top = offices, bottom = market activity

shops were called "tabernaes"

had an arched concrete vault roof that stood on piers that let light in, but protected people from the weather

Column of Trajan

115AD

continuous pictorial narrative of the Dacian campaigns

125' tall

natural & architectural elements in scenes are small so important figures are emphasized (esp. Trajan)

idealized. Romans look great. Enemies look poor. Hardships of war were not shown. 

Hadrian's Villa

120AD

first a retreat for emp. hadrian, but then he finished out his rule from the villa

30 buildings on 250acres

architecture influenced by Greeks & Egyptians; caryatids & Egyptian fertility gods

Pantheon

125AD

concrete dome

3rd temple to be built on this spot

front columns were quarried in Egypt

part of a town square

originally a temple for all gods, converted into a church, now holds the tomb of Raphael, artist, and the tombs of many Italian kings

Equestrian Marcus Aurelius

176AD

two versions: original & bronze casting

"peace-bringer"

powerful, but not imposing/militaristic

Tetrarchs

300AD

made of Egyptian stone: porphyry (reserved for imperial use)

shows four disproportional figures

imperial unity

militaristic outfits, but proclaims a kind of peace

Basilica Trier

310AD

converted into Tower of the Archbishop of Trier

arches

it's located in Trier, Germany (shows expanse of Roman Empire)

Constantine the Great

325AD

part of a 40ft. tall statue: "Colossus of Constantine" size of head = 8'6"

propaganda piece

glorified facial features