Shared Flashcard Set

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Anxiety And Defense Mechanisms
Fundamentals of Nursing
18
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
11/04/2009

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

ANXIETY VS. FEAR

(anxiety)

Definition

* Emotional response

 

*related to future/anticipated event

 

*source may not be identifiable

 

*Results from psychological conflict

Term

 

ANXIETY VS. FEAR

(fear)

Definition

* Cognitive response

 

*Related to present event.

 

*Source easily identifiable

 

*Results from a physical or psychological event

Term

 

Relationship between Stress and Anxiety


Definition

* Emotional arousal triggers the symapthetic nervous system

 

*message reaches the pituitary gland and adrenal gland which results in hormones released into bloodstream.

 

*Results in raised pusle, blood pressure, and respirations, lower digestive system, readyijng body for "fright/flight"

Term

 

Anxiety


Definition

*Anxiety in response to stress is inevitable in everyday life.

 

*How individuals cope with anxiety and stress is important in understanding how well individuals are functioning in their personal social, and occupational roles.

 

* Emotions tha descirbe the feeling of anxiety are uneasiness, worry, restlessness,concern, fearfulness,sense of impending doom,dread.

Term

 

Anxiety

(cont'd)

Definition

* The stressor that precipitates anxiety is whatever individual perceives as a danger, a loss or a threat to his safety and security

 

*Background, needs desire, self-concept, resources, knowledge,skills, perosnality traits, and maturity affect the way stress is seen.

Term

 

Factors associated with High Anxiety

Definition

* increased environment stress

 

*ineffective coping behaviours

 

* Biolgoic conditions such as alterations in levels of neurotransmitters, endorphins, and brain receptors.

 

* Nursing interventions indicated when anxiety results in raised bodily symptoms, acting our behaviour, or perosn moves away from others.

Term

 

Sources of Anxiety

Definition

*perceived threat to the following:

a. health functioning


b. self-esteem or self respect

 

c. self-control

 

d. control over one's life

Term

 

Sources of Anxiety

(cont'd)

Definition

d. status or prestige

 

e. resources

 

f. loved ones

 

g. independence, needs, goals, expectations

Term

 

Anxiety Continium

Definition

* Conceptualized on a continuum from absent, mild, moderate, high to severe

 

*Well-being: minimal anxiety, happy,comfortable, relaxed, optimal healing takes place. Allow pt. to problem solve.

 

*ataraxy:the absence of anxiety is uncommon.  Seen in people who are drowsy, even stuporous, or taking tranqulizers. 

Term

 

 

mild anxiety

Definition

* person is alert, attention heightened, holds eye contact,perceptual field open, uses logical reasoning and problem solving.

 

*Sees, hears,, grasps information, relative comfort, slight fidgeting, some muscle tension

 

*nursing interventions

Term

 

Moderate anxiety

Definition
* person feels on edge, keyed up, raised irritability,energized, motivated to lower anxiety,distracted, narrowing perceptions, moderate muscle tensio: bp, p, r beginning to raise,some dicculty concentrating.
Term

 

Severe Anxiety

Definition

* harsh, very uncomfortable, perceptual field very narrowed, difficulty focusing even with assistance, extreme muscle tension, poor eye contact, tense, hyperventilation, somatic symptoms, dizziness,nausea.

 

*Nursing interventions: lower stimuli, anxiety, pressure: use kind firm simple directions

Term

 

panic level of anxiety

Definition
*it is most extreme and very painful: often cannot communicate or verbalize coherently; terror,confusion,shouting, screaming,withdrawal and possibly hallucinations, unintelligible communications: depletion body resources, dilated pupils,hyperventilation
Term

 

Coping mechanisms

Definition

* Crying, laughing,sleeping,cursing

 

* physical activity, exercise

 

*smoking, drinking

 

*lack of eye conact, withdrawal

 

*limiting relationships to those with simialr values and interests

Term

 

Task-Oriented Reactions to stress

Definition

* attack behaviour

 

*withdrawal behaviour

 

*compromise behaviour

Term

 

Adaptation to acute and cnronic illness

Definition

* general tasks- maintaning slef esteem and personal relationships

 

*illness=related tasks- handling pain and disability

Term

 

Effects of Long-term stress

Definition

* affects physical status

 

increases risk for disease or injury

 

*compromises recovery and return to normal function

 

* is associated with specific diseases

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