Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Antimicrobials
ABAC PHARM FINAL!
68
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
04/28/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Anitmicrobial or anti-infective
Definition
drugs use to prevent or treat infections cause by microrganism.
Term
Antibacterial or antibiotics
Definition
drugs use to prevent or treat bacterial infections.
Term
antivirals
Definition
drugs that treat viral infections
Term
antifungal
Definition
drugs that treat fungal infections
Term
antiparasitic
Definition
drugs that treat parasitic infections
Term
Broad spectrum
Definition
affective against several groups of bacteria
Term
Narrow Spectrum 
Definition
affective against only few groups of bacteria.
Term
Bactericidal
Definition
antibiotics that kill the bacteria
Term
Bacteristatic
Definition
antiobiotics inhibits the growth of bacteria
Term
 Superinfections
Definition
new or secondary infections that occur during antimicrobial therapy (normal flora affected)
Term
Duration avg for antimicrobials
Definition
7-10 days, if no fever and nosymptons for 48-72 hrs
Term

Yeast infection

Thrush

Colitis 

 

Definition
Superinfections
Term
Beta-Lactam Antibacterials
Definition

 treat gram-positive and gram negative bacteria

Bactericidal

Term

Penicillin G benzathine

V-cillin

Pen Vee K

Amoxicillin

Piperacillin/tazobactam

Ticarcillin/clavulanate

 

Definition
Penicillins
Term

Cephalexin (keflex)

Cefazolin  (kefzol)

cephapirin (cefadyl)

cefaclor (ceclor)

cefoxtin (mefoxin)

cefoperazone (cefobid)

ceftiaxone (rocephin)

Definition
antibacterials beta lactam
Term

respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary infections

Best for gram-positive

Definition
Penicillins
Term

surgical prophylaxis; resp tract, skin, soft tissue, bone, joint,UT and bloodstream infections.

Best gram-negative.

Definition
Cephalosporins
Term

hypersensitivity

phlebitis at Iv sites

Superinfections

nausea 

vomiting

diarrhea

colitis

nephrotoxcity

bleeding

pain at im sites

 

Definition
beta lactem-antibacterials
Term
Aminoglycosides
Definition

treats gram-negative microorganisms.

bactericidal

Term

gentamicin(garamycin)

neomycin

streptomycin

tobramycin

 

Definition
aminoglycosides
Term

nephrotoxicity

ototoxicity

neurotoxicity

hypersensitivity

nausea

vomiting

diarrhea

peripheral neuritis-inflam-hands and feet

paresthesias-numbing and tingling

Definition
aminoglycosides side effects
Term
Fluoroquinolones
Definition

treats gram-neg and gram-pos organisms

bactericidal

Term

ciprofloxacin(Cipro)

levofloxacin (levaquin)

ofloxacin (floxin)

Definition
fluoroquinolones 
Term

hepatotoxicity 

allergic reations

N & V

diarrhea 

colitis

H/A 

dizziness

Crystalluria-cyrstal urine

Photosensitivity

Definition
fluoroquinolones side effects
Term
Tetracyclines
Definition

treats gram-pos and gram-neg

bacteristatic

Term
tetracyclines
Definition
Term
Don't take tetracyclines
Definition
is you have renal failure, pregnant,children up to 8 years old causes brown coloring of tooth enamel and depress bone growth.
Term

N & V

diarrhea

Hemtologic disorders

Hypersensitivity

Photosensitivity

Thrombophlebitis at IV sites

Nephrotoxicity

Hepatotoxicity

Superinfections

Definition
tetracyclines side effects
Term
Dont take with diary ,acid, iron
Definition
tetracyclines.
Term
Sufonamides
Definition
treats infection caused by wide range of bacterial infectionsbacteriastatic.
Term

Sulfasalazine (Azulazine)-GI

Trimethoprim-suflamethoxazole(Bactrim, Septra)-UTI

Silver sufladiazine(Silvadene)-burns

Definition
sulfonamides drugs
Term

N&V

diarrhea

hematologic disorders

hypersensitivity

photosensitivity

thrombophlebitis at iv sites

nephrotoxcity

hepatotoxicity

Superinfections

Definition
sulfonamides side effects
Term
Urinary Drugs
Definition

treats the UTI

bactericidal

Term

nitrofurantoin(macrobid, macrodantin)

phenazopyridine(pyridium)

Definition
urinary drugs
Term

N&V

diarrhea

hematologic disorders

hypersensitivity

photosensitivity

thrombophlebitis at iv site

nephrotoxicity

hepatotoixcity

superinfections

anorexia

Definition
urinary drugs side effects
Term
Macrolides
Definition

treats infections by gram-positive organisms

bacteriastatic and can be bactericidal at high doses.

Term

azithromycin(zithromax)-z-pack

ethromycin base (E-mycin)

Definition
macrolides drugs
Term

N&V

diarrhea

phlebitis at IV site

heptatotoxicity

allergic reactions

Definition
macrolides side effects
Term
Tuberculosis Drugs
Definition

treats infection caused by mycobactrium-tuberculosis.

bactericidal

Term

isoniazid(INH)

rifampin(Rifadin,Rimactane)

ethambutol(myambutol)

pyrazinamide(tebrazid)

streptomycin

Definition
tuberculosis drugs
Term

N&V

diarrhea

neurotoxicity

hepatotoxicity

nephrotoxicity

hypersensitivity

Definition
tuberculosis drug side effects
Term
Antiviral Drugs
Definition

treats herpes virus

bacteriastatic

Term

acyclovir(zovirax)

famciclor(famvir)

valacyclovir(valtrex)

Definition

antiviral drugs

treats herpes

Term

dizziness 

H/A

fever

diarrhea

N&V

encephalopathy-brain

burning,stinging, & pruritis with topical

anorexia

pain & phlebitis at IV site

skin rash, urticaria-hives,increased bun & creatinine

Definition
anitviral side effects
Term
HIV infections drugs
Definition
prevent viral replication
Term

zidovudine(AZT,Retrovir)

delaviradine(rescriptor)

indinavir(crixivan)

Definition
HIV drugs
Term

same as forherpes virus

severe anemia & granulocytopenia

peripheral neuropathy

pancreatitis

hepatotoxicity

H/A

weakness

GI symptims

bone marrow depression

Definition
HIV drugs side effects
Term
Influenza A drugs
Definition

prevent or treats infections caused by influenza A virus

bacteriastatic

Term

amantadine(symmetrol)

oseltamivir(tamiflu)

zanamivir(relenza)

 

Definition
influenza drugs
Term

dizziness

H/A

diarrhea

N&V

encephalopathy

anorexia

fever

urticarcia

increased bun and creatinine

skin rash

Definition
influenza drug side effects
Term
Anitfungal drugs
Definition
treats infections caused by fungi
Term

amphotericin B deoxylate(fungizone)-IV

clotrimazole(lotrimin,mycelex,gyne-lotrimin)

fluconazole(diflucan)

miconazole(monistat)

nystatin(mycostatin)

tolmaftate(tinactin)

Definition
antifungal frugs
Term

fever

chills

anorexia 

N&V

diarrhea

renal&liver damage

hypokalemia&hypomagnesemia

photosensitivity

mental confusion

phlebitits at IV site

peripheral neuritis,H/A,thrombocytopenia

Definition
antifungal side effects
Term
Antiparasitic  (amebecides) drugs
Definition

treats infection caused by parasitic organisms.

drink bad water -ameoba GI tract

bacteriastatic

Term

chloroquine(aralen)

metronidazole(flagyl)

Definition
antiparasitic (amebecides) drugs
Term

anorexia

N&V

diarrhea

Gi upset, epigastric burning

rusty yellow or brown discoloration of urine

H/A

fatigue

nervouseness,anxiety

visual disturbances

Definition
antiparasitic (amebecides) side effects
Term
Antelmintic (antiparasitic) drugs
Definition
treats infections caused by parasitic organism-worms
Term

mebendazole(vermox)

pyrantel(antiminth)

Definition
anthelmintic(antiparasitic ) drugs
Term

diarrhea

abd pain

N&V

fever

H/A

dizziness

tinnitus-ringing in ears

CNS stimulation

pruritis, burning,tingling

Definition
anthelmintic  antiparasitics side effects
Term
scabicide & pediculicide drugs
Definition
treats lice and scabies infestation
Term

permethrin(Nix, Elimite)

gammabenzenehexaachloride(Kwell,lindane)

Definition
scabies and lice drugs
Term

pruritis

burning, stinging,tingling

cns toxicity with excessive use

Definition
scabies and lice drugs
Term
  
Definition
Supporting users have an ad free experience!