Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Antidepressants
Kee, J. L., Hayes, E. R., & McCuistion, L. E. (2015). Pharmacology. USA: Elsevier
31
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
08/24/2014

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Types of antidepressants (5)
Definition

1) tricyclic antidepressants

2) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antidepressants

3)  norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) antidepressants

4) atypical antidepressants 

5) monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Term
describe action of tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
Block uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain
Term
How long will may it take to observe a clinical response to tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
2 - 4 weeks
Term
what happens if there is no improvement with tricyclic antidepressants after 2-4 weeks
Definition
slowly withdrawn and another antidepressant is prescribed
Term
why should polydrug therapy be avoided
Definition
polydrug therapy has potential serious side effects
Term
Therapeutic effect of tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
Elevates mood, increase interest in daily living and activity, and decreases insomnia
Term
Most common time of day tricyclic antidepressants are given in the day and rationale
Definition
During the night: some anticyclic antidepressants may have sedative effects.
Term
How do tricyclic antidepressants cause sedation
Definition
block histamine receptors
Term
side effects of tricyclic antidepressants (state 6)
Definition
orthostatic hypotension, sedation, anticholinergic effects, cardiotoxicity, seizures, sexual dysfunctions, blood dyscraisis, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Term
why may anticyclic antidepressants cause anticholinergic effects and what are they (4)
Definition
blocks cholinergic receptors. Anticholinergic effects include dry mouth, tachycardia, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation
Term
what are anticholinergic effects
Definition
Term
intervention for risk of blood dyscarius with tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
monitoring of blood cell counts
Term
therapeutic serum range of tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
100 to 200 ng/mL
Term
action of SSRIs
Definition
block serotonin reuptake in brain and thereby enhancing transmission a the serotonergic synapse
Term
advantage of SSRI over tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
SSRI have fewer side effects than tricyclic
Term
uses of SSRIs
Definition

Primary: treating major depressive symptoms

Other: anxiety disorders

Term
what food should be avoided when using SSRIs and why
Definition
grapefruit juice: interaction will lead to toxicity
Term
Action of SNRIs
Definition
Inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing avaliability at synapse
Term
Uses for SNRIs (3)
Definition
To treat major depression. Also, treatment for generalised anxiety disorders and social anxiety disorders
Term
Another name for atypical antidepressants
Definition
second generation antidepressants
Term
Uses for second generation antidepressants
Definition
Treatment of major depression, reactive depression and anxiety
Term
Cautionary info for atypical antidepressants with MAOIs (2)
Definition

1) Atypical antidepressants should not be used with MAOIs

2) Atypical antidepressants should not be taken within 14 days after discontinuing MAOIs

Term
Action of MAOIs
Definition

Inhibit an enzyme called monamine oxidase (MAO). 

MOA inactivates norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and epiniphrine. Thus, inhibiting MAO will increase the levels of the above neuro transmittors

Term
Two types of monoamine oxidase enzymes
Definition
MAO-A and MAO-B
Term
Where are MAO-A and MAO-B primarily found (2 organs)
Definition
liver and brain
Term
Action of MAO-A
Definition
inactivates dopamine in brain
Term
Action of MAO-B
Definition
inactivates norepinephrine and serotonin
Term
Why are MAOIs not the drug of choice for treatment
Definition
Risk of hypertensive crisis from food and medication interactions. Usually prescrbed when client does not respond to atypical antidepressants or TCAs
Term
What medication should not be taken with MAOIs
Definition
TCAs and MAOIs should never be used together!
Term
List at least 7 foods to avoid with MAOI use
Definition
cheese, yoghurt, soy sauce, Itallian green beans, chocolate, bananas, coffee, liver, pickeld foods, sausage, yeast, beer and red wines
Term
Nursing interventions with MAOI use in clients
Definition
BP monitoring, education on foods to avoid and OTC medications
Supporting users have an ad free experience!