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Anticonvulsants
Chapter 21
17
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 4
09/24/2009

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Cards

Term
what is epilepsy?
Definition
a seiure disorder
Term
what are the characteristics of epilepsy?
Definition
loss of consciousness and convulsive movements
Term
what are some of the causes of epilepsy?
Definition
partly unknown.  can be secondary to trauma, anoxia, infection and stroke
Term
What is the most common type of seizures?
Definition
the grand mal (tonic-clonic)
Term
what is a grand mal generalized by?
Definition
alternating muscle spasms and jerkiness
Term
what is a petit mal (absence)?
Definition
a brief loss of consciousness (less than 10 seconds)
Term
who do petit mal seizures usually happen to?
Definition
they usually occur in children
Term
what is a partial seizure?
Definition
it is a pshycomotor repetitive behavior
Term
what is hydantoin?
Definition
its the first anticonvulsant used to treat seizures was phenytyoin.
Term
give some details about phenytoin (dilantin)
Definition

contraindiations- pregnancy (teratogenic)

-therapeutic serum level- 10-20 mcg/ml

 

Term
what are some of the side effects/adverse reactions with dilantin?
Definition
Gingivitis, gingival hyperplasia, nystamus, HA diplopia, dizziness, slurred speech, dereased coordination , alopecia, thrombocytopenia, steven-johnson syndrome
Term
what are anticonvulsants?
Definition
they are drugs used for epileptic seizures
Term
what are the increased effects of dilantin?
Definition
increased effects with cimetidine (tagament, INH, and sulfonamides
Term
what is INH is for?
Definition
for TB
Term
what are the decreased effects with dilantin?
Definition
decreased effects with folic acid, antacids, calcium, sucralfate, antieoplastics, antipsychotics, primrose ginkgo, anticoagulants, oral contraceptives, antihistamines, dopamin, and theophylline
Term
what is folic acid used for?
Definition
for pregnant woman to decrease , for alcoholics.
Term
what are antineoplastics?
Definition
cancer drugs
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