Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Anticonvulsants
board prep
15
Medical
Graduate
03/18/2008

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Decrease axonal conduction by preventing Na+ influx (MOA)

Definition
Carbamazepine, Phenytoin
Term

 

 

 

Increase inhibitory tone by facilitation of GABA-mediated hyperpolarization (MOA)

Definition
Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines
Term

 

 

 

Decrease excitatory effects of glutamic acid (MOA)

Definition

Lamotrigine & topiramate (block AMPA receptors)

 

Felbamate (block NMDA receptors)

 

Term

 

 

 

Decrease presynaptic Ca2+ influx through T-type channels in thalamic neurons (MOA)

 

Definition
Ethosuximide & Valproic acid
Term

 

 

 

Partial seizure (simple or complex)

DOC

Definition
Valproic acid > phenytoin = carbamazepine
Term

 

 

 

General seizure (tonic clonic)

DOC

Definition
Valproic acid, phenytoin, carbamazepine
Term

 

 

 

General seizure (absence)

DOC

Definition
Ethosuximide
Term

 

 

 

Status epilepticus

Definition
Lorazepam > diazepam > phenytoin
Term

 

 

 

Phenytoin

Definition

MOA: blocks axonal Na+ channel in inactive state (blocks seizure propagation)

 

Cytochrome P450 inducer

Zero -order kinetics

 

SE: gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, osteomalacia, megaloblastic anemia (folate), cleft lip/palate

 

 

Term

 

 

 

Carbamazepine

Definition

MOA: axonal block of Na+ channels (inactive state)

 

DOC: trigeminal neuralgia (tic doleoreaux)

 

CYP450 inducer

 

SE: Megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, increase ADH secretion, cleft lip/palate spina bifida

Term

 

 

 

Valproic Acid

Definition

MOA: Blocks Na+ channels, inhibits GABA transaminase, blocks T-type Ca2+ channels

 

Uses: seizure, bipolar mania, migraines

 

SE: Hepatotoxicity (from metabolite), thrombocytopenia, pancreatitis, alopecia, spina bifida

Term

 

 

 

Ethosuximide

Definition

MOA: blockade of T-type Ca2+ channels and thalamic neurons

 

DOC: absence seizures

 

 

Term

 

 

 

General features of anticonvulsants

Definition

Additive w/ other CNS depressants

 

Avoid abrupt w/drawl

 

B/c CYP450 inducers --> dec efficacy of OCP's (esp. phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarb.)

Term

 

 

 

Felbamate & Lamotrigine

Definition

Adjunct therapy in seizure states

 

MOA: block Na+ channels and glutamate receptors

 

SE: hepatotoxicity

Aplastic anemia (felbamate)

Steven's johnson syndrome (lamotrigine)

Term

 

 

 

Gabapentin

Definition

MOA: increases GABA effects

 

Uses: seizure states, neuropathic pain (postherpetic neuralgia)

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