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Details

antibiotics
pharm drugs
13
Medical
Graduate
02/09/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
PENICILLIN MOA and SE
Definition

inhibit transpeptidase rxn (last step of peptidoglycan synthesis)

 

BLOCK cell wall synthesis/repair: cell swelling and lysis

 

SE: hypersensitivity, diarrhea, anaphylactic shock, serum sickness (ADJUST FOR RENAL DZ)

 

distribute all over body, lower in CSF

Term

PENICILLIN SPECTRUM

 

Definition

MAINLY Gram +

some Gram -

spirochetes

 

bactericidal

Term

PENICILLIN G (IV)

 

PENICILLIN V (ORAL)

SPECTRUM

Definition

t1/2: 30 minutes

only 1/3 of oral Penicillin G absorbed via GI tract

 

GRAM + cocci (staph, strep, bacilli)

except penicillinase producing S. aureus

Gram + bacilli

Gram - cocci (neisseria spp)

Spirochetes

 

oral on empty stomach

 

 

Term

Procaine Pen G

 Benzathiine Pen G

 

 

indications and kinetics

Definition

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Term
Penicillinase-resistant Pens.
Definition

Oxacillin

Cloxacillin

Dicloxaciilin

Nafcillin

 

restrict for penicillinase resistant staph.

 

Acid stable

LESS POTENT THAN PEN G

not active for enterococcus and Listeria

Term

AMPICILLIN

 

AMOXICILLIN

 

Indications and kinetics

Definition

good oral absorption for both. amoxicillin better

amoxicillin: DOC for prophylactic Bacterial Endocarditis (BE)

 

resistant from excessive use

 

combine with inhibitors to protect effect and cover bugs with B-lactamase: Clavulanic acid and sulbactam

Term

AMPICILLIN and AMOXICILLIN

 

spectrum

Definition

BROADER than normal penicillins

Gram + and Gram - (aerobes and most oral anaerobes)

S. pyogenes, S. pneumonia

H. flu

Enterobacteriaceae

E. coli, L. monocytogenes (meningitis)

 

LESS POTENT THAN PEN G and V

Term

TICARCILLIN

 

 

Definition

specific purpose pen (anti-pseudomonas)

pseudomonas

indole+ proteus 

 

bacetericidal

 

parenteral--poor ora absorbtion

 

Penillinase sensitive

add clavulanic acid to increase effect to penicillinase+ staphlococci

Term
Indanyl Carbenacillin
Definition

specific purpose anti-pseudomonas

better oral absorption

 

bactericidal

Term
PIPERACILLIN
Definition

specific purpose anti-pseudomonas penicillin

 

poor oral absorption--> parenteral

 

MOST POTENT

Term
MEZLOCILLIN
Definition

specific purpsoe antipseudmonas and proteus

 

MORE active against klebsiella

Term
CEPHALOSPORIN MOA and spectrum
Definition

structurally and pharmacologically related to penicillin--> inhibit cell wall synthesis

 

covalently bind transpeptidase enzyme and stop cell wall synthesis

 

Gram + (except enterococci)

G- (proteus, e. coli, klebsiella)

Not active against some oral anaerobes...

first generation --to 3rd: increasing gram - and anaerobe activity,lower g+ activity

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