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ANS Pharmacology
Ben Cunningham
26
Medical
Graduate
10/24/2010

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Phenylephrine
Definition

alpha 1 agonist

 

given when there is poor vascular tone (ie sepsis)

used to dilate the pupil

 

also causes constriction of vessels in upper resp tract (nasal passages)

Term
Clonidine
Definition

alpha 2 agonist 

(so its inhibitory in the CNS, but has vasoconstrictive effects on peripheral vessels)

Term
Isoproterenol
Definition

Beta agonist

 

(used as a bronchodilator, but w/ unwanted affects on HR and BP)

Term
Dobutamine
Definition

Selective beta 1 agonist

 

 

Term
Albuterol
Definition
selective B2 agonist
Term
Terbutaline
Definition

another beta 2 agonist

 

relaxes smooth muscle to slow and prevent premature labor

Term
Dopamine
Definition

beta agonist at moderate levels

high dose -->  alpha agonist

Term
List 5 indirect-acting sympathomimetics
Definition

Tyramine

amphetamine

cocaine

dopamine

ephedrine

 

Tyra and Coco do Everybody!

Term
Phentolamine
Definition
Non-selective alpha antagonist (opposes NE)
Term
Prazosin
Definition
Selective alpha1 antagonist
Term
Yohimbine
Definition

alpha2 antagonist***

 

But alpha2 is mostly inhibitory

 

results in increased cAMP in the brain (cocaine-like), and peripheral vasodilation

Term
Propranolol
Definition
non-selective Beta blocker
Term
timolol
Definition

ocular beta blocker

 

(beta stim increases aqueous humor production, which can increase intraocular pressure --> timolol is used treat glaucoma)

 

no effect on pupil size

Term
Metoprolol and atenolol
Definition
Selective beta 1 antagonists
Term
Lebetolol
Definition

non-specific beta and alpha antagonist

 


Term
Clenbuterol
Definition
Beta3 agonist
Term
Methyldopa
Definition
reduces central sympathetic outflow
Term

Pilocarpine

 

(name another drug within this same class)

Definition

Muscarinic receptor agonist

 

another one?  Muscarine

Term

Physostigmine

 

name another drug within this class

Definition

Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor

 

also: pyridostigmine

Term

isoflurophate

 

2 more within this class? (and where do we see them in life)

Definition

irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor (Cholinergic agonist)

 

malathion, a pesticide

sarin - warfare agent

Term

Pralidoxime

 

aka?

use?

Definition

2PAM

 

cholinesterase reactivator -- used to treat sarin gas poisoning, acts at all 3 cholinergic receptors

Term
What are 4 muscarinic antagonists?
Definition

Atropine

scopolamine

tropicamide

inhaled ipratrobium

Term
Hexamethonium
Definition
nicotinic receptor blocking drugs (Nn, ganglionic blocker)
Term
Botulinum toxin
Definition
neuromuscular blocking drug (inhibits Ach release)
Term

Name 3 non-depolarizing nicotinic receptor antagonistis

AND

1 depolarizing nicotinic receptor agonist

Definition

Non-depol antagonists:

curare

pancuronium

vecuronium (at NMJ receptors)

 

Depol:

succinylcholine -->  high affinity for it at Nm receptors, binds and stays on there to the point of R failure --> result is paralysis

Term

oxymetazolone

 

brand name drug version?

Danger/side effect?

Definition

Alpha agonist

 

Afrin nasal spray, its alpha 1 agonist affects cause vasoconstriction of BV's in nose, allowing for an increase in the size of the nasal passageways

 

Because its also an alpha2 blocker, if a baby accidentally drinks a whole bottle, its going to have decreased NE release and extreme hypotension

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