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ANS Drugs and Endocrine Drugs
ABAC PHARM FINAL!
47
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
04/14/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Urecholine
Definition

Relieves urinary retention and postoperative abd distention.

Cholinergic Drugs (parasympathomimetics)

*Direct Acting*

Term

Direct-acting

Cholinergic (parasympathomimetics)

Definition

Stimulate the parasympathic nervous system directly in the same manner as acetylcholine.

Decrease heart rate

Increased tone and contractility in the gastrointestinal smooth muscles.

Increased salivary gland and GI secretions

Increased tone and contractility of smooth muscle in the urinary bladder

Increased respiratory secretions

Increased tone/contractility of bronchial smooth muscle

Term
Prostigmin and Tensilon
Definition

Myasthenia gravis and antidote for skeletal muscle relaxants used in surgery.

*Indirect acting*

Cholinergic (parasympathomimetics)

Term
Aricept
Definition

Alzheimers disease

*indirect acting*

Cholinergic (parasympathomimetics)

Term
Cholinergic Drugs
Definition

Abdominal discomfort,diarrhea,nausea,vomiting

Bronchospasms and Bradycardia 

(if these occur,withhold medicine and consult physician)

Term
Atropine
Definition
Antidote for cholinergic drugs
Term
Atropine
Definition

Increases heart rate in bradycardia and heart block. Used before surgery to reduce respiratory tract secretion.

Anticholinergic Drugs

(Blocking Agents)

(Parasympatholytic)

Term
Robinul
Definition

Decreases secretions

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

Term
Urispas,Ditropan, & Detrol
Definition

antipasmotic effects to relieve urinary incontinence and frequency.

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

Term
Cogentin and Artane
Definition

Parkinson's Disease

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

 

Term
Mydriacyl
Definition

maintain mydiasis during eye exam

Anticholinergic 

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic 

Term
Atrovent
Definition

asthma and chronic bronchitis

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

Term

Anticholinergic Drugs

Blocking Agents

Parasympatholytic

 

Definition
blocks the action of acetycholine in the parasympathetic nervous sytem.
Term

Anticholinergic 

Block Agents 

Parasympatholytic

Definition

occupy receptor sites at parasympathetic nerve endings which prevents the action of acetycholine.

Decreases cardiovascular responses to vagal stimulation.

Bronchodilation/decreased respiratory tract secretions.

Antispasmotic effects in the GI tract

Mydriais (dilation of pupil)

Term
Anticholinergic 
Definition
Blurred vision,constipation,dry mouth, tachycardia.
Term

Vanceril

 (oral inhalation)

Vancenase,Flonase, and Beconase

(nasel inhalation)

 

 

Definition
Corticosteriods
Term

Cortone (cortisone)

Dacadron (dexamethasone)

Hydrocortone or Cortef (Hydrocortisone)

Solu-medrol (methylypredisolone succinate)

Deltasone (prednisone)

Definition
Corticosteriods
Term
Corticosteriods
Definition

To correct a deficent state in the body and exert an antiinflammatory, immuno-suppressive,antiallergic, and antistress effects.

Allergic to reactions to medications

Collagen disorders-systemic lupus erthematosus

Dermatologic disorders-contact dermantitis

GI problems-Crohn's disease

Neurologic disorders-cerebral edema,acute spinal cord injury

Organ and tissue transplants-prevent rejection

Renal disease-nephrotic syndrome

Respiratory disorders-asthma,COPD,rhinitis

Rheumatic disorders-arthritis

Endocrine disorders

Term
Corticosteriod
Definition

" cushingoid"appearance-moon face,bufflo hump,obese trunk.

Hyperglycemia

CNS effects-euphoria,depression

Musculoskeletal effects-osteoporosis,pathologic fractures

GI effects-bleeding

Increased susceptibility to infection and delayed wound healing

Menstruak irregularites

Cardiovascular effects-fluid retention,edema.hypertension.

Term
Synthroid (levothyroxine)
Definition

Throid Drug

treats hypothyroidism

Term
Thyroid drugs
Definition

replace the deficient thyroid hormones T3 and T4 in hypothyroidism or in clients who have had their thyroid gland removed.

Control rate cellular metabolism,stimulate protein synthesis. Promote cell growth.

Term
Thyroid drug
Definition

tachycardia

weight loss

intolerance to heat

nervousness

insomnia

diarrhea

angina

MI

CHF

Term

PTU(propylthiourcil)

Tapazole (no peripheral activity)

Lugol's solution (strong iodine solution)

Definition
Anti-thyroid drugs
Term
Anti-thyroid drugs
Definition

treat hyperthyroidism and prepare client for a thyroidectomy.

Inhibit the production of thyroid hormones and the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3.

Term
Anti-thyroid-Lugol's Solution
Definition
can cause iodism-metallic tastemburning in mouth, and gum soreness
Term
Anti-thyroid-PTU and Tapazole 
Definition

Rash

nausea

vomiting

may see signs of hypothyroidism(bradycardia,constipation,weight gain,excessive sleeping, and slow speech.)

Term

Humalog(insulin lispro)

NovoLog ( insulin aspart)

Definition

Rapid-Acting Analogs

Antidiabetic

(Insulin)

Term

Regular IIentin II Humulin R

Novolin R

Definition

short-acting

antidiabetic

Insulin

Term

NPH Iletin II

Humulin N

Novolin N

Definition

Intermediate-Acting

Antidiabetic Drugs

Insulin

Term
Humulin 70/30
Definition

Mixed

Antidiabetic Drug

Insulin

Term

Antidiabetic Drugs

Insulin

Definition
lower-blood glucose levels in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes and Type 2(non-insulin dependent) diabetes. May be needed in clients with Type 2 who experiencing stress from surgery,illness,or infection.
Term

Antidiabetic Drugs

Insulin 

Definition

increases glucose transport into most body cells.

Decreases breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis)

Decreases formation of new glucose from  amino acids and fatty acids.

Increases glycogen synthesis.

Term

Antidiabetic drugs

Insulin

Definition

Hypoglycemia:,nervousness,cool,clammy skin,irritability,blurred or double vision,convulsions,coma.

Lipodystrophy:atrophy or "dimping" at the injection site from too frequent injections into same site. Uncommon with human insulin.

Term

Sulfonylureas(Glucotrol,DiaBeta)

Alpha-Glucosidase  Inhibitors (Glycet)

Biguanide (Glucophage)-metformin

Glitazones (Avandia)

Meglitinides  (Prandin)

Definition
Oral Hypoglycemic (Diabetic) Drugs
Term
Oral Hypoglycemic (Diabetic) Drugs
Definition

Lower blood sugar levels in Type 2 diabetes only.

Stimulates beta cells to produce and release more insulin.

Increase tissue responsiveness to insulin and increase peripheral use of glucose.

Decrease production of glucose in the liver.

Term

Oral Hypoglycemic (Diabetic) Drugs 
Definition
Hypoglycemia,weight gain (except for metformin)
Term

Premarin

Depo-Estradiol

Estrogel(topical gel) 

Estroderm(patch)

Oral Contraceptives(along with progestin)

Definition
Estrogen Drugs
Term
Estrogen Drugs
Definition

Promotes growth in tissue related to reproduction and sexual characteristics in women.

Replacement therapy in deficiency states

Component in birthcontrol pills

During menopause to control vaginitis and hot flashes

Post menopausal prevention/treatment of osteoporosis & cardiovascular disease.

Term
Estrogen 
Definition

nausea

vomiting

H/A

Thrombophlebitis

Weight gain

Hypertension

Term
Estrogen
Definition
They enter target cells and combine with receptor proteins to form an estrogen-receptor complex that interacts with DNA.
Term

Oral Potassium Chloride

sustained release tablets

K0Dur,Slow-K

Definition
Electrolytes-Potassium
Term
Oral potassium chloride side effects
Definition

GI upset

nausea

vomiting

diarrhea

Term
Intravenous Potassium Chloride
Definition
Must be diluted in IV fluids and infused slowly. It should never be given IV push because it will result in cardiac arrest
Term
Electrolytes-Potassium
Definition
Serum potassium level is below 3.5 mEq/L as a result of taking certain diuretics, insuffcient potassium potassium intake, vomiting and diarrhea.
Term
Vitamin-Vitamin K (mephyton)
Definition
required for synthesis of prothrombin and three other clotting factors which needed for coagulation of blood. Normal newborn is born vitamin K deficient. They are given an injection immediately after delivery to reduce risk of hemorrage.
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