Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Animal Repro Hormones
N/A
15
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 2
10/07/2009

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Cards

Term
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Neuropeptide (decapeptide)
  • Source: Hypothalmic surge and tonic centers
  • Male Target: Anterior lobe-pituitary (gonadotroph cells)
  • Female Target: SAME
  • Male Action: Release of FSH and LH from anterior lobe-pituitary
  • Female Action: SAME
Term
Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
  • Source: Anterior lobe-pituitary
  • Male Target: Testis (interstitial cells of Leydig)
  • Female Target: Ovary (cells of theca interna and luteal cells)
  • Male Action: Stimulates testosterone production
  • Female Action: Stimulates ovulation, formation of corpora lutea and progesterone secretion
Term
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
  • Source: Anterior lobe-pituitary (gonadotroph cells)
  • Male Target: Testis (Sertoli cells)
  • Female Target: Ovary (granulosal cells)
  • Male Action: Sertoli cell function
  • Female Action: Follicular development and esradiol synthesis
Term
Prolactin
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Protein
  • Source: Anterior lobe-pituitary (lactotroph cells)
  • Male Target: Testis and brain
  • Female Target: Mammary cells, corpus luteum in some species (rat and mouse)
  • Male Action: Can induce maternal behavior in males and females
  • Female Action: Lactation, maternal behavior and corpora lutea function (some species)
Term
Oxytocin (OT)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Neuropeptide (octapeptide)
  • Source: Synthesized in the hypothalamus, stored in the posterior lobe-pituitary; synthesized by corpus luteum
  • Male Target: Smooth muscles of epididymal tail, ductus deferens, and ampulla
  • Female Target: Myometrium and endometrium of uterus, myoepithelial cells of mammary gland
  • Male Action: PGF synthesis and pre-ejaculatory movement of spermatozoa
  • Female Action: Uterine motility, promotes uterine PGF synthesis, milk ejaculation
Term
Estradiol (E2)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Steroid
  • Source: Granulosal cells of follicle, placenta, Sertoli cells of testis
  • Male Target: Brain - Inhibits long bone growth
  • Female Target: Hypothalamus, entire reproductive tract and mammary gland
  • Male Action: Sexual behavior
  • Female Action: Sexual behavior, GnRH, elevated secretory activity of the entire tract, enhanced uterine motility
Term
Progesterone (P4)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Steroid
  • Source: Corpus luteum and placenta
  • Male Target: N/A
  • Female Target: Uterine endometrium, mammary gland, myometrium, hypothalamus
  • Male Action: N/A
  • Female Action: Endometrial secretion, inhibits GnRH release, inhibits reproductive behavior, promotes maintenance of pregnancy
Term
Testosterone (T)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Steroid
  • Source: Interstitial cells of Leydig, cells of theca interna in female
  • Male Target: Accessory sex glands, tunica dartos of scrotum, seminiferous epithelium, skeletal muscle
  • Female Target: Brain, skeletal muscle, granulosal cells
  • Male Action: Anabolic growth, promotes spermatogenesis, promotes secretion of accessory sex glands
  • Female Action: Substrate for E2 synthesis, abnormal masculinization (hair patterns, voice, behavior, etc.)
Term
Inhibin
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
  • Source: Granulosal cells (female), Sertoli cells (male)
  • Male Target: Gonadotrophs of anterior lobe-pituitary
  • Female Target: SAME
  • Male Action: Inhibits FSH secretion
  • Female Action: SAME
Term
Activin
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
  • Source: Placental cells (human female), Granulosal cells (female), Sertoli cells (male)
  • Male Target: Gonadotrophs of anterior-lobe pituitary
  • Female Target: SAME
  • Male Action: Stimulates FSH secretion
  • Female Action: SAME
Term
Prostglandin F(PGF)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Prostglandin (C-20 fatty acid)
  • Source: Uterine endometrium, vesticular glands
  • Male Target: Epididymis
  • Female Target: Corpus luteum, uterine myometrium, ovulatory follicles
  • Male Action: Affects metabolic activity of spermatozoa, causes epididymal contractions
  • Female Action: Luteolysis, promotes uterine tone and contraction, ovulation
Term
Prostglandin E2 (PGE2)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Prostglandin (C-20 fatty acid)
  • Source: Ovary, uterus, embryonic membranes
  • Male Target: N/A
  • Female Target: Corpus luteum, oviduct
  • Male Action: N/A
  • Female Action: Ovulation, stimulates corpus luteum secretion of progesterone
Term
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
  • Source: Trophoblast of blastocyst (chorion)
  • Male Target: N/A
  • Female Target: Ovary
  • Male Action: Increase growth of fetal testis
  • Female Action: Facilitate production of progesterone by ovary
Term
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
  • Source: Chorionic girdle cells
  • Male Target: N/A
  • Female Target: Ovary
  • Male Action: N/A
  • Female Action: Causes formation of accessory corpora lutea
Term
Placental lactogen
Definition
  • Biochemical Classification: Protein
  • Source: Placenta
  • Male Target: N/A
  • Female Target: Mammary gland of dam
  • Male Action: N/A
  • Female Action: Mammary stimulation of dam
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